PHP Manual

• Copyright
• Getting Started
  • Introduction — What is PHP and what can it do?
  • A simple tutorial
• Installation and Configuration
  • General Installation Considerations
  • Installation on Unix systems
  • Installation on macOS
  • Installation on Windows systems
  • Installation on Cloud Computing platforms
  • FastCGI Process Manager (FPM)
  • Installation of PECL extensions
  • Introduction to Composer
  • Introduction to PIE
  • Runtime Configuration
• Language Reference
  • Basic syntax
  • Types
  • Variables
  • Constants
  • Expressions
  • Operators
  • Control Structures
  • Functions
  • Classes and Objects
  • Namespaces
  • Enumerations
  • Error Handling
  • Fibers
  • Generators
  • Attributes
  • References Explained
  • Predefined Variables
  • Predefined Exceptions
  • Predefined Interfaces and Classes
  • Predefined Attributes
  • Context options and parameters
  • Supported Protocols and Wrappers
• Security
  • Introduction
  • General considerations
  • Installed as CGI binary
  • Installed as an Apache module
  • Session Security
  • Filesystem Security
  • Database Security
  • Error Reporting
  • User Submitted Data
  • Hiding PHP
  • Keeping Current
• Features
  • HTTP authentication with PHP
  • Cookies
  • Sessions
  • Handling file uploads
  • Using remote files
  • Connection handling
  • Persistent Database Connections
  • Command line usage — Using PHP from the command line
  • Garbage Collection
  • DTrace Dynamic Tracing
• Function Reference
  • Affecting PHP's Behaviour
  • Audio Formats Manipulation
  • Authentication Services
  • Command Line Specific Extensions
  • Compression and Archive Extensions
  • Cryptography Extensions
  • Database Extensions
  • Date and Time Related Extensions
  • File System Related Extensions
  • Human Language and Character Encoding Support
  • Image Processing and Generation
  • Mail Related Extensions
  • Mathematical Extensions
  • Non-Text MIME Output
  • Process Control Extensions
  • Other Basic Extensions
  • Other Services
  • Search Engine Extensions
  • Server Specific Extensions
  • Session Extensions
  • Text Processing
  • Variable and Type Related Extensions
  • Web Services
  • Windows Only Extensions
  • XML Manipulation
  • GUI Extensions
• FAQ — Frequently Asked Questions
  • General Information
  • Mailing lists
  • Obtaining PHP
  • Database issues
  • Installation
  • Build Problems
  • Using PHP
  • Password Hashing — Hashing passwords safely and securely
  • PHP and HTML
  • PHP and COM
  • Miscellaneous Questions
• Appendices
  • History of PHP and Related Projects
  • About manual examples
  • Migrating from PHP 8.5.x to PHP 8.6.x
  • Migrating from PHP 8.4.x to PHP 8.5.x
  • Migrating from PHP 8.3.x to PHP 8.4.x
  • Migrating from PHP 8.2.x to PHP 8.3.x
  • Migrating from PHP 8.1.x to PHP 8.2.x
  • Migrating from PHP 8.0.x to PHP 8.1.x
  • Migrating from PHP 7.4.x to PHP 8.0.x
  • Migrating from PHP 7.3.x to PHP 7.4.x
  • Migrating from PHP 7.2.x to PHP 7.3.x
  • Migrating from PHP 7.1.x to PHP 7.2.x
  • Migrating from PHP 7.0.x to PHP 7.1.x
  • Migrating from PHP 5.6.x to PHP 7.0.x
  • Migrating from PHP 5.5.x to PHP 5.6.x
  • Debugging in PHP
  • Configure options
  • php.ini directives
  • Extension List/Categorization
  • List of Function Aliases
  • List of Reserved Words
  • List of Resource Types
  • List of Available Filters
  • List of Supported Socket Transports
  • PHP type comparison tables
  • List of Parser Tokens
  • Userland Naming Guide
  • About the manual
  • Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
  • Index listing
  • Changelog