dl is awkward because the filename format is OS-dependent and because it can complain if the extension is already loaded. This wrapper function fixes that:
<?php
function load_lib($n, $f = null) {
return extension_loaded($n) or dl(((PHP_SHLIB_SUFFIX === 'dll') ? 'php_' : '') . ($f ? $f : $n) . '.' . PHP_SHLIB_SUFFIX);
}
?>
Examples:
<?php
// ensure we have SSL and MySQL support
load_lib('openssl');
load_lib('mysql');
// a rare few extensions have a different filename to their extension name, such as the image (gd) library, so we specify them like this:
load_lib('gd', 'gd2');
?>
dl
(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)
dl — Carga una extensión de PHP durante la ejecución
Descripción
bool dl
( string
$library
)
Carga la extensión PHP dada por el parámetro
library.
Utilice la función extension_loaded() para comprobar si la extensión ya está cargada o no. Funciona tanto para extensiones ya integradas en PHP o para extensiones que se han cargado dinámicamente (ya sea a través de php.ini o dl()).
Advertencia
Esta función ha sido eliminada de la mayoría de las SAPI en PHP 5.3.0, y de PHP-FPM en PHP 7.0.0.
Parámetros
-
library -
Este parámetro es solamente el fichero de la extensión a cargar el cual depende del sistema operativo. Por ejemplo, la extensión sockets (si se compila como librería, no como parte de PHP) Se llamará sockets.so en sistemas Unix mientras que en Windows se llamará php_sockets.dll.
El directorio desde donde la extensión será cargada también depende del sistema operativo:
En Windows - a no ser que se defina explicitamente en php.ini, la extensión será cargada por defecto desde C:\php4\extensions\ (PHP4) o C:\php5\ en (PHP 5).
Unix - a no ser que se defina en php.ini, el directorio de extensiones por defecto depende de
- Si PHP fué compilado con la opción --enable-debug o no
- Si PHP fué comiplado con soporte (experimental) ZTS (Zend Thread Safety) o no
- El módulo interno actual ZEND_MODULE_API_NO (Número interno del API Zend, que es básicamente la fecha en que se produjo un cambio de versión, p.ej. 20010901)
Valores devueltos
Devuelve TRUE en caso de éxito o FALSE en caso de error. Si la funcionalidad de cargar módulos no está disponible
o ha sido deshabilitada (ya sea activando
enable_dl off o habilitando el modo seguro
en php.ini) Se producirá un E_ERROR
y se parará la ejecucción de PHP. Si dl() falló porque la
librería especificacda no pudo cargarse a demás de FALSE se
producirá un mensaje E_WARNING.
Ejemplos
Ejemplo #1 Ejemplos de dl()
<?php
// En este ejemplo se carga una extensión u otra dependiendo del sistema operativo
if (!extension_loaded('sqlite')) {
if (strtoupper(substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3)) === 'WIN') {
dl('php_sqlite.dll');
} else {
dl('sqlite.so');
}
}
// O si la constante PHP_SHLIB_SUFFIX está disponible desde PHP 4.3.0
if (!extension_loaded('sqlite')) {
$prefix = (PHP_SHLIB_SUFFIX === 'dll') ? 'php_' : '';
dl($prefix . 'sqlite.' . PHP_SHLIB_SUFFIX);
}
?>
Historial de cambios
| Versión | Descripción |
|---|---|
| 7.0.0 | dl() está deshabilitado en PHP-FPM. |
| 5.3.9 | dl() está deshabilitado en PHP-FPM, aunque se desaconseja. |
| 5.3.0 | dl() está desactivado en algunos módulos SAPI por problemas de estabilidad. Los únicos modulos SAPI que permiten dl() son: CLI, CGI and Embed. En su lugar usar las directivas Directivas de carga de extensiones |
Notas
Nota:
dl() no se soporta cuando PHP es compilado con soporte ZTS. Use en su lugar Directivas de carga de extensiones instead.
Nota:
dl() es sensible a mayúsculas en sistemas Unix.
Nota: Esta función está deshabilitada cuando PHP se ejecuta en modo seguro.
Ver también
- Directivas de cargas de extensiones
- extension_loaded() - Encontrar si una extensión está cargada
add a note
User Contributed Notes 7 notes
shaunspiller at spammenot-gmail dot com ¶
9 years ago
K. C. ¶
3 years ago
It would be nice to know which SAPIs removed the function.
Telling me 'This function has been removed from some SAPIs in PHP 5.3.' is pretty much useless and I feel mocked. Or do the writers of the documentation don't know from which SAPIs it has been removed?
mag_2000 at front dot ru ¶
12 years ago
<?php
function dl_local( $extensionFile ) {
//make sure that we are ABLE to load libraries
if( !(bool)ini_get( "enable_dl" ) || (bool)ini_get( "safe_mode" ) ) {
die( "dh_local(): Loading extensions is not permitted.\n" );
}
//check to make sure the file exists
if( !file_exists( $extensionFile ) ) {
die( "dl_local(): File '$extensionFile' does not exist.\n" );
}
//check the file permissions
if( !is_executable( $extensionFile ) ) {
die( "dl_local(): File '$extensionFile' is not executable.\n" );
}
//we figure out the path
$currentDir = getcwd() . "/";
$currentExtPath = ini_get( "extension_dir" );
$subDirs = preg_match_all( "/\//" , $currentExtPath , $matches );
unset( $matches );
//lets make sure we extracted a valid extension path
if( !(bool)$subDirs ) {
die( "dl_local(): Could not determine a valid extension path [extension_dir].\n" );
}
$extPathLastChar = strlen( $currentExtPath ) - 1;
if( $extPathLastChar == strrpos( $currentExtPath , "/" ) ) {
$subDirs--;
}
$backDirStr = "";
for( $i = 1; $i <= $subDirs; $i++ ) {
$backDirStr .= "..";
if( $i != $subDirs ) {
$backDirStr .= "/";
}
}
//construct the final path to load
$finalExtPath = $backDirStr . $currentDir . $extensionFile;
//now we execute dl() to actually load the module
if( !dl( $finalExtPath ) ) {
die();
}
//if the module was loaded correctly, we must bow grab the module name
$loadedExtensions = get_loaded_extensions();
$thisExtName = $loadedExtensions[ sizeof( $loadedExtensions ) - 1 ];
//lastly, we return the extension name
return $thisExtName;
}//end dl_local()
?>
endofyourself at yahoo dot com ¶
14 years ago
If you need to load an extension from the CURRENT local directory because you do not have privelages to place the extension in your servers PHP extensions directory, this function i wrote may be of use to you
<?php
/*
Function: dl_local()
Reference: http://us2.php.net/manual/en/function.dl.php
Author: Brendon Crawford <endofyourself |AT| yahoo>
Usage: dl_local( "mylib.so" );
Returns: Extension Name (NOT the extension filename however)
NOTE:
This function can be used when you need to load a PHP extension (module,shared object,etc..),
but you do not have sufficient privelages to place the extension in the proper directory where it can be loaded. This function
will load the extension from the CURRENT WORKING DIRECTORY only.
If you need to see which functions are available within a certain extension,
use "get_extension_funcs()". Documentation for this can be found at
"http://us2.php.net/manual/en/function.get-extension-funcs.php".
*/
function dl_local( $extensionFile ) {
//make sure that we are ABLE to load libraries
if( !(bool)ini_get( "enable_dl" ) || (bool)ini_get( "safe_mode" ) ) {
die( "dh_local(): Loading extensions is not permitted.\n" );
}
//check to make sure the file exists
if( !file_exists( $extensionFile ) ) {
die( "dl_local(): File '$extensionFile' does not exist.\n" );
}
//check the file permissions
if( !is_executable( $extensionFile ) ) {
die( "dl_local(): File '$extensionFile' is not executable.\n" );
}
//we figure out the path
$currentDir = getcwd() . "/";
$currentExtPath = ini_get( "extension_dir" );
$subDirs = preg_match_all( "/\//" , $currentExtPath , $matches );
unset( $matches );
//lets make sure we extracted a valid extension path
if( !(bool)$subDirs ) {
die( "dl_local(): Could not determine a valid extension path [extension_dir].\n" );
}
$extPathLastChar = strlen( $currentExtPath ) - 1;
if( $extPathLastChar == strrpos( $currentExtPath , "/" ) ) {
$subDirs--;
}
$backDirStr = "";
for( $i = 1; $i <= $subDirs; $i++ ) {
$backDirStr .= "..";
if( $i != $subDirs ) {
$backDirStr .= "/";
}
}
//construct the final path to load
$finalExtPath = $backDirStr . $currentDir . $extensionFile;
//now we execute dl() to actually load the module
if( !dl( $finalExtPath ) ) {
die();
}
//if the module was loaded correctly, we must bow grab the module name
$loadedExtensions = get_loaded_extensions();
$thisExtName = $loadedExtensions[ sizeof( $loadedExtensions ) - 1 ];
//lastly, we return the extension name
return $thisExtName;
}//end dl_local()
?>
anrdaemon at freemail dot ru ¶
1 year ago
Like with eval(), the only correct way to use dl() is to not use it.
Test if a function(s) you intend to use are available.
If not, complain to the user or implement a workaround.
Not to mention dl() issues in a multithreading environment.
fabrizim at owlwatch dot com ¶
5 years ago
As noted in the documentation:
Changelog 5.3: dl() is now disabled in some SAPIs due to stability issues. The only SAPIs that allow dl() are CLI and Embed. Use the Extension Loading Directives instead.
If using PEAR libraries that try to load extensions, like Image_Transform which will try to load ImageMagik, and the "enable_dl" directive is set to 1 in your php.ini, you may end up with a hard to find error (white screen of death).
One "solution" is to change the enable_dl directive to 0 in the php.ini. It may have adverse affects if you are using php on command line that requires the "dl" function, but I think in most cases its okay.
