PHP 8.3.4 Released!

DateInterval::__construct

(PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, PHP 7, PHP 8)

DateInterval::__constructCrée un nouvel objet DateInterval

Description

public DateInterval::__construct(string $duration)

Crée un nouvel objet DateInterval.

Liste de paramètres

duration

Une spécification d'intervalle.

Le format commence avec la lettre P, pour period. Chaque durée de la période est représentée par une valeur entière suivie par une désignation de période. Si la durée contient des éléments de temps, cette portion de la spécification est précédée par la lettre T.

Désignation de période duration
Désignation de période Description
Y Années
M Mois
D Jours
W Semaine. Converti en jours. Antérieur à PHP 8.0.0, ne peut pas être combiné avec D.
H Heures
M Minutes
S Secondes

Voici quelques exemples simples : 2 jours sera P2D ; 2 secondes sera PT2S ; 6 années et 5 minutes sera P6YT5M.

Note:

Les types d'unité doivent être entrés des plus grands aux plus petits. Ainsi, les années doivent être présentes avant les mois, les mois avant les jours, les jours avant les minutes, etc. Aussi, une année et 4 jours doit être représenté comme P1Y4D, et non P4D1Y.

Cette spécification peut également être représentée sous la forme d'une durée. Aussi, une année et 4 jours peut être P0001-00-04T00:00:00. Mais les valeurs de ce format ne peuvent pas excéder une période donnée (i.e. 25 heures est invalide).

Ces formats sont basés sur la » spécification de durée ISO 8601.

Erreurs / Exceptions

Lance une exception DateMalformedIntervalStringException lorsque le paramètre duration ne peut être analysé comme un intervalle. Antérieur à PHP 8.3, ceci était une Exception.

Historique

Version Description
8.3.0 Lance désormais une DateMalformedIntervalStringException au lieu de Exception.
8.2.0 Seules les propriétés y à f, invert, et days seront visibles, y compris une nouvelle propriété booléenne from_string.
8.0.0 W peut être combiné avec D.

Exemples

Exemple #1 Construction et utilisation des objets DateInterval

<?php
// Créer une date spécifique
$someDate = \DateTime::createFromFormat("Y-m-d H:i", "2022-08-25 14:18");

// Créer un intervalle
$interval = new \DateInterval("P7D");

// Ajouter un intervalle
$someDate->add($interval);

// Convertir l'intervalle en chaîne de caractères
echo $interval->format("%d");

L'exemple ci-dessus va afficher :


7

Exemple #2 Exemple avec DateInterval

<?php

$interval
= new DateInterval('P1W2D');
var_dump($interval);

?>

Résultat de l'exemple ci-dessus en PHP 8.2 :

object(DateInterval)#1 (10) {
  ["y"]=>
  int(0)
  ["m"]=>
  int(0)
  ["d"]=>
  int(9)
  ["h"]=>
  int(0)
  ["i"]=>
  int(0)
  ["s"]=>
  int(0)
  ["f"]=>
  float(0)
  ["invert"]=>
  int(0)
  ["days"]=>
  bool(false)
  ["from_string"]=>
  bool(false)
}

Résultat de l'exemple ci-dessus en PHP 8 :

object(DateInterval)#1 (16) {
  ["y"]=>
  int(0)
  ["m"]=>
  int(0)
  ["d"]=>
  int(9)
  ["h"]=>
  int(0)
  ["i"]=>
  int(0)
  ["s"]=>
  int(0)
  ["f"]=>
  float(0)
  ["weekday"]=>
  int(0)
  ["weekday_behavior"]=>
  int(0)
  ["first_last_day_of"]=>
  int(0)
  ["invert"]=>
  int(0)
  ["days"]=>
  bool(false)
  ["special_type"]=>
  int(0)
  ["special_amount"]=>
  int(0)
  ["have_weekday_relative"]=>
  int(0)
  ["have_special_relative"]=>
  int(0)
}

Résultat de l'exemple ci-dessus en PHP 7 :

object(DateInterval)#1 (16) {
  ["y"]=>
  int(0)
  ["m"]=>
  int(0)
  ["d"]=>
  int(2)
  ["h"]=>
  int(0)
  ["i"]=>
  int(0)
  ["s"]=>
  int(0)
  ["f"]=>
  float(0)
  ["weekday"]=>
  int(0)
  ["weekday_behavior"]=>
  int(0)
  ["first_last_day_of"]=>
  int(0)
  ["invert"]=>
  int(0)
  ["days"]=>
  bool(false)
  ["special_type"]=>
  int(0)
  ["special_amount"]=>
  int(0)
  ["have_weekday_relative"]=>
  int(0)
  ["have_special_relative"]=>
  int(0)
}

Voir aussi

add a note

User Contributed Notes 15 notes

up
104
owen at beliefs.com
10 years ago
M is used to indicate both months and minutes.

As noted on the referenced wikipedia page for ISO 6801 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iso8601#Durations

To resolve ambiguity, "P1M" is a one-month duration and "PT1M" is a one-minute duration (note the time designator, T, that precedes the time value).

Using: PHP 5.3.2-1ubuntu4.19

// For 3 Months
$dateTime = new DateTime;echo $dateTime->format( DateTime::ISO8601 ), PHP_EOL;
$dateTime->add(new DateInterval("P3M"));
echo $dateTime->format( DateTime::ISO8601 ), PHP_EOL;
Results in:
2013-07-11T11:12:26-0400
2013-10-11T11:12:26-0400

// For 3 Minutes
$dateTime = new DateTime;echo $dateTime->format( DateTime::ISO8601 ), PHP_EOL;
$dateTime->add(new DateInterval("PT3M"));
echo $dateTime->format( DateTime::ISO8601 ), PHP_EOL;
Results in:
2013-07-11T11:12:42-0400
2013-07-11T11:15:42-0400

Insert a T after the P in the interval to add 3 minutes instead of 3 months.
up
10
Hernanibus
6 years ago
It is not stated, but you cannot create directly a negative interval, this is you cannot create a "-2 days" interval as:

<?
$interval = new DateInterval("P-2D");//or
$interval = new DateInterval("-P2D");
?>

Instead you have to create first the interval and then set its 'invert' property to 1, this is:

<?
$interval = new DateInterval("P2D");
$interval->invert = 1;
?>

Then you should keep in mind that this interval acts as a negative number, hence to subtract the interval from a given date you must 'add' it:

<?
$interval = new DateInterval("P2D");
$interval->invert = 1;
$date = new DateTime ("1978-01-23 17:46:00");
$date->add($interval)->format("Y-m-d H:i:s");//this is "1978-01-21 17:46:00"
?>
up
28
kuzb
13 years ago
It should be noted that this class will not calculate days/hours/minutes/seconds etc given a value in a single denomination of time. For example:

<?php
$di
= new DateInterval('PT3600S');
echo
$di->format('%H:%i:%s');

?>

will yield 0:0:3600 instead of the expected 1:0:0
up
20
buvinghausen at gmail dot com
11 years ago
I think it is easiest if you would just use the sub method on the DateTime class.

<?php
$date
= new DateTime();
$date->sub(new DateInterval("P89D"));
up
13
admin at torntech dot com
9 years ago
Warning - despite the $interval_spec accepting the ISO 8601 specification format, it does not accept decimal fraction values with period or comma as stated in the specification.

https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=53831

<?php
/* Example from ISO 8601 documentation */
$interval = new DateInterval('P0.5Y');
?>

Will result in
Fatal error: Uncaught exception 'Exception' with message 'DateInterval::__construct(): Unknown or bad format (P0.5Y)'
up
10
kevinpeno at gmail dot com
13 years ago
Note that, while a DateInterval object has an $invert property, you cannot supply a negative directly to the constructor similar to specifying a negative in XSD ("-P1Y"). You will get an exception through if you do this.

Instead you need to construct using a positive interval ("P1Y") and the specify the $invert property === 1.
up
12
userexamplecom at mailinator dot com
8 years ago
Take care, if you have a DateTime Object on the 31h of January and add Da DateInterval of one Month, then you are in March instead of February.

For Example:
---
// given the actual date is 2017-01-31
$today = new DateTime('now', $timeZoneObject);
$today->add(new DateInterval('P1M'));
echo $today->format('m');
// output: 03
---
up
10
daniellehr at gmx dot de
11 years ago
Alternatively you can use DateInterval::createFromDateString() for negative intervals:

<?php
$date
= new DateTime();
$date->add(DateInterval::createFromDateString('-89 days'));
up
5
jawzx01 at gmail dot com
12 years ago
As previously mentioned, to do a negative DateInterval object, you'd code:

<?php
$date1
= new DateTime();
$eightynine_days_ago = new DateInterval( "P89D" );
$eightynine_days_ago->invert = 1; //Make it negative.
$date1->add( $eightynine_days_ago );
?>

and then $date1 is now 89 days in the past.
up
1
Anonymous
2 years ago
Note that to add time you must enter P even though the period is empty.

To add 1 hour :

<?php

$plusOneHour
= (new DateTime('now'))->add(new DateInterval("PT1H"));

var_dump($plusOneHour);

?>
up
1
sloanlance+php.net gmail com
6 years ago
⚠️ It's important to remember the warning about DateInterval given by "admin at torntech dot com" in an earlier comment (http://php.net/manual/en/dateinterval.construct.php#116750). To reiterate:

Some versions of PHP (e.g., 5.6.31) have a bug that disallows fractional parts in a ISO 8601 duration string given as the argument for the DateInterval constructor. That is, these examples will fail:

<?php
// 'P0.5Y' is valid according to ISO 8601
$interval = new DateInterval('P0.5Y'); // Throws exception
?>

<?php
// 'PT585.829S' is valid according to ISO 8601
$interval = new DateInterval('PT585.829S'); // Throws exception
?>

If this bug affects you, please go to the report for this bug in the PHP Bug Tracking System, and place a vote stating that it affects you: https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=53831
up
2
lsloan-php dot net at umich dot edu
8 years ago
Although PHP refers to periods of time as "intervals", ISO 8601 refers to them as "durations". In ISO 8601, "intervals" are something else.

While ISO 8601 allows fractions for all parts of a duration (e.g., "P0.5Y"), DateInterval does not. Use caution when calculating durations. If the duration has a fractional part, it may be lost when storing it in a DateInterval object.
up
0
Ray.Paseur sometimes uses Gmail
7 years ago
To recover the interval specification string:

<?php
function get_interval_spec(DateTime $alpha, DateTime $omega)
{
$intvl = $alpha->diff($omega);

$date = NULL;
if (
$intvl->y) $date .= $intvl->y . 'Y';
if (
$intvl->m) $date .= $intvl->m . 'M';
if (
$intvl->d) $date .= $intvl->d . 'D';

$time = NULL;
if (
$intvl->h) $time .= $intvl->h . 'H';
if (
$intvl->i) $time .= $intvl->i . 'M';
if (
$intvl->s) $time .= $intvl->s . 'S';
if (
$time) $time = 'T' . $time;

$text ='P' . $date . $time;
if (
$text == 'P') return 'PT0S';
return
$text;
}
up
-1
grzeniufication
3 years ago
If you'd like to persist an interval object in a DB it could be handy to implement the __toString() method. A formatted interval value can be easier to read by a human than the output of serialize. Here's an example:

<?php

namespace App;

class
DateInterval extends \DateInterval
{
public function
__toString()
{
return
$this->format('P%yY%mM%dDT%hH%iM%sS');
}
}

$interval1 = new DateInterval('P1Y');
$interval2 = new DateInterval(strval($interval1));
assert($interval1 == $interval2);
up
-17
bkilinc at deyta dot net
10 years ago
interval_spec Period Designators, has two 'M's for months and minutes.
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