Booléen
Here are some tricks to convert from a "dotted" IP address to a LONG int, and backwards. This is very useful because accessing an IP addy in a database table is very much faster if it's stored as a BIGINT rather than in characters.
IP to BIGINT:
<?php
$ipArr = explode('.',$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);
$ip = $ipArr[0] * 0x1000000
+ $ipArr[1] * 0x10000
+ $ipArr[2] * 0x100
+ $ipArr[3]
;
?>
IP as BIGINT read from db back to dotted form:
Keep in mind, PHP integer operators are INTEGER -- not long. Also, since there is no integer divide in PHP, we save a couple of S-L-O-W floor (<division>)'s by doing bitshifts. We must use floor(/) for $ipArr[0] because though $ipVal is stored as a long value, $ipVal >> 24 will operate on a truncated, integer value of $ipVal! $ipVint is, however, a nice integer, so
we can enjoy the bitshifts.
<?php
$ipVal = $row['client_IP'];
$ipArr = array(0 =>
floor( $ipVal / 0x1000000) );
$ipVint = $ipVal-($ipArr[0]*0x1000000); // for clarity
$ipArr[1] = ($ipVint & 0xFF0000) >> 16;
$ipArr[2] = ($ipVint & 0xFF00 ) >> 8;
$ipArr[3] = $ipVint & 0xFF;
$ipDotted = implode('.', $ipArr);
?>
Les entiers
Un entier est un nombre appartenant à la classe ℤ = {..., -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, ...}.
Voir aussi :
- Les entiers de longueur arbitraire / GMP
- Les nombres à virgule flottante
- Les précisions arbitraires / BCMath
Syntaxe
Les entiers peuvent être spécifiés en notation décimale (base 10), hexadécimale (base 16), octale (base 8), ou binaire (base 2) optionnellement précédée d'un signe (- ou +).
Les entiers littéraux binaires sont disponibles depuis PHP 5.4.0.
Pour utiliser la notation octale, précédez le nombre d'un 0 (zéro). Pour utiliser la notation hexadécimale, précédez le nombre d'un 0x. Pour utiliser la notation binaire, précédez le nombre d'un 0b.
Exemple #1 Les entiers littéraux
<?php
$a = 1234; // un nombre décimal
$a = -123; // un nombre négatif
$a = 0123; // un nombre octal (équivalent à 83 décimales)
$a = 0x1A; // un nombre héxadecimal (équivalent à 26 décimales)
?>
Formellement, la structure d'un entier littéral est :
decimal : [1-9][0-9]*
| 0
hexadecimal : 0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+
octal : 0[0-7]+
integer : [+-]?decimal
| [+-]?hexadecimal
| [+-]?octal
| [+-]?binary
La taille d'un entier est dépendant de la plate-forme, cependant,
une valeur maximale d'environ 2 milliards est habituelle (cela correspond
à 32 bits signés). Les plateformes 64-bit ont habituellement une valeur
maximale d'environ 9E18. PHP ne supporte pas les entiers non-signés. La taille
d'un entier peut être déterminée en utilisant la constante
PHP_INT_SIZE, et la valeur maximale, en utilisant
la constante PHP_INT_MAX depuis PHP 4.4.0 et PHP 5.0.5.
Avertissement
Si un nombre invalide est fourni dans un entier octal (i.e. 8 ou 9), le reste du nombre est ignoré.
Exemple #2 Bizarrerie avec les valeurs octales
<?php
var_dump(01090); // 010 octal = 8 décimales
?>
Débordement d'entier
Si PHP rencontre un nombre supérieur au maximal d'un entier, il sera interprété comme un nombre décimal. De la même façon, une opération qui résulte en un nombre supérieur au nombre maximal d'un entier, retournera un nombre décimal.
Exemple #3 Dépassement d'entier sur un système 32-bit
<?php
$large_number = 2147483647;
var_dump($large_number); // int(2147483647)
$large_number = 2147483648;
var_dump($large_number); // float(2147483648)
$million = 1000000;
$large_number = 50000 * $million;
var_dump($large_number); // float(50000000000)
?>
Exemple #4 Dépassement d'entier sur un système 64-bit
<?php
$large_number = 9223372036854775807;
var_dump($large_number); // int(9223372036854775807)
$large_number = 9223372036854775808;
var_dump($large_number); // float(9.2233720368548E+18)
$million = 1000000;
$large_number = 50000000000000 * $million;
var_dump($large_number); // float(5.0E+19)
?>
Il n'y a pas d'opérateur de division entière en PHP. 1/2 contient en fait, float(0.5). La valeur peut être convertie en un entier en l'arrondissant, en utilisant la fonction round().
<?php
var_dump(25/7); // float(3.5714285714286)
var_dump((int) (25/7)); // int(3)
var_dump(round(25/7)); // float(4)
?>
Conversion en entier
Pour convertir explicitement une valeur en un entier, utilisez soit le mot-clé (int), soit (integer). Cependant, dans la plupart des cas, ce mot-clé n'est pas nécessaire vu qu'une valeur sera automatiquement convertie si un opérateur, une fonction ou une structure de contrôle demande un entier en guise d'argument. Une valeur peut également être convertie en un entier en utilisant la fonction intval().
Voir aussi : le transtypage.
Depuis un booléen
FALSE correspond à 0 (zéro), et TRUE correspond à
1 (un).
Depuis un nombre à virgule flottante
Lorsque l'on convertit un nombre décimal en un entier, le nombre sera arrondi vers zéro.
Si le nombre à virgule flottante est au delà des limites des entiers (habituellement, +/- 2.15e+9 = 2^31 sur les plate-formes 32-bit et +/- 9.22e+18 = 2^63 sur les plate-formes 64-bit), le résultat sera indéfini, sachant que le nombre à virgule flottante n'a pas une précision suffisante pour donner un résultat entier exact. Aucune alerte n'est émise lorsque ce comportement survient !
Avertissement
Ne convertissez jamais une fraction inconnue en un entier, ceci peut engendrer un résultat inattendu.
<?php
echo (int) ( (0.1+0.7) * 10 ); // Affiche 7 !
?>
Voir aussi la section sur les alertes concernant la précision des nombres à virgule flottante.
Depuis des chaînes de caractères
Voir la section sur la conversion des chaînes en nombres
Depuis d'autres types
Attention
Le comportement de la conversion en un entier est indéfini depuis les autres types. Ne rapporter aucun comportement observé, sachant qu'ils peuvent changer sans avertissement.
add a note
User Contributed Notes
Les entiers - [21 notes]
d_n at NOSPAM dot Loryx dot com ¶
5 years ago
rustamabd@gmail-you-know-what ¶
6 years ago
Be careful with using the modulo operation on big numbers, it will cast a float argument to an int and may return wrong results. For example:
<?php
$i = 6887129852;
echo "i=$i\n";
echo "i%36=".($i%36)."\n";
echo "alternative i%36=".($i-floor($i/36)*36)."\n";
?>
Will output:
i=6.88713E+009
i%36=-24
alternative i%36=20
Paul ¶
5 years ago
"always round it downwards"
It seems to truncate, or round toward zero, rather than downward. If the float is negative, it is rounded up.
Anonymous ¶
6 years ago
To force the correct usage of 32-bit unsigned integer in some functions, just add '+0' just before processing them.
for example
echo(dechex("2724838310"));
will print '7FFFFFFF'
but it should print 'A269BBA6'
When adding '+0' php will handle the 32bit unsigned integer
correctly
echo(dechex("2724838310"+0));
will print 'A269BBA6'
popefelix at gmail dot com ¶
6 years ago
Be careful when using integer conversion to test something to see if it evaluates to a positive integer or not. You might get unexpected behaviour.
To wit:
<?php
error_reporting(E_ALL);
require_once 'Date.php';
$date = new Date();
print "\$date is an instance of " . get_class($date) . "\n";
$date += 0;
print "\$date is now $date\n";
var_dump($date);
$foo = new foo();
print "\$foo is an instance of " . get_class($foo) . "\n";
$foo += 0;
print "\$foo is now $foo\n";
var_dump($foo);
class foo {
var $bar = 0;
var $baz = "la lal la";
var $bak;
function foo() {
$bak = 3.14159;
}
}
?>
After the integer conversion, you might expect both $foo and $date to evaluate to 0. However, this is not the case:
$date is an instance of Date
Notice: Object of class Date could not be converted to int in /home/kpeters/work/sketches/ObjectSketch.php on line 7
$date is now 1
int(1)
$foo is an instance of foo
Notice: Object of class foo could not be converted to int in /home/kpeters/work/sketches/ObjectSketch.php on line 13
$foo is now 1
int(1)
This is because the objects are first converted to boolean before being converted to int.
iletras at yahoo dot com ¶
2 years ago
//This is a (simpler ?) function to return number of digits of an integer.
//function declaration
function count_digit($number) {
return strlen((string) $number);
}
//function call
$num = 12312;
$number_of_digits = count_digit($num); //this is call :)
echo $number_of_digits;
//prints 5
darkshire ¶
5 years ago
d_n at NOSPAM dot Loryx dot com
13-Aug-2007 05:33
Here are some tricks to convert from a "dotted" IP address to a LONG int, and backwards. This is very useful because accessing an IP addy in a database table is very much faster if it's stored as a BIGINT rather than in characters.
IP to BIGINT:
<?php
$ipArr = explode('.',$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);
$ip = $ipArr[0] * 0x1000000
+ $ipArr[1] * 0x10000
+ $ipArr[2] * 0x100
+ $ipArr[3]
;
?>
This can be written in a bit more efficient way:
<?php
$ipArr = explode('.',$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);
$ip = $ipArr[0]<<24
+ $ipArr[1]<<16
+ $ipArr[2] <<8
+ $ipArr[3]
;
?>
shift is more cheaper.
winterheat ¶
4 years ago
PHP_INT_SIZE seems to be 8 when it is 64 bit integers... so 8 means the number of bytes, or number of 8-bits.
Jacek ¶
6 years ago
On 64 bits machines max integer value is 0x7fffffffffffffff (9 223 372 036 854 775 807).
rickard_cedergren at yahoo dot com ¶
8 years ago
When doing large subtractions on 32 bit unsigned integers the result sometimes end up negative. My example script converts a IPv4 address represented as a 32 bit unsigned integer to a dotted quad (similar to ip2long()), and adds a "fix" to the operation.
/**************************
* int_oct($ip)
* Convert INTeger rep of IP to octal (dotted quad)
*/
function int_oct($ip) {
/* Set variable to float */
settype($ip, float);
/* FIX for silly PHP integer syndrome */
$fix = 0;
if($ip > 2147483647) $fix = 16777216;
if(is_numeric($ip)) {
return(sprintf("%u.%u.%u.%u",
$ip / 16777216,
(($ip % 16777216) + $fix) / 65536,
(($ip % 65536) + $fix / 256) / 256,
($ip % 256) + $fix / 256 / 256
)
);
}
else {
return('');
}
}
jmw254 at cornell dot edu ¶
6 years ago
Try this one instead:
function iplongtostring($ip)
{
$ip=floatval($ip); // otherwise it is capped at 127.255.255.255
$a=($ip>>24)&255;
$b=($ip>>16)&255;
$c=($ip>>8)&255;
$d=$ip&255;
return "$a.$b.$c.$d";
}
Anonymous ¶
9 years ago
Sometimes you need to parse an unsigned
32 bit integer. Here's a function I 've used:
function parse_unsigned_int($string) {
$x = (float)$string;
if ($x > (float)2147483647)
$x -= (float)"4294967296";
return (int)$x;
}
php at richardneill dot org ¶
2 months ago
A leading zero in a numeric literal means "this is octal". But don't be confused: a leading zero in a string does not. Thus:
$x = 0123; // 83
$y = "0123" + 0 // 123
pere dot cil at wanadoo dot fr ¶
2 years ago
Please also note that the maximum stored in the integer depends on the platform / compilation; on windows xp 32 bits, the following value:
0x5468792130ABCDEF
echoes to:
6.0822444802213E+18 (cast to float)
On a fully 64 bits system, it echoes to:
6082244480221302255
Hamza Burak Ylmaz ¶
4 years ago
<?php
//This is a simple function to return number of digits of an integer.
//function declaration
function count_digit($number)
{
$digit = 0;
do
{
$number /= 10; //$number = $number / 10;
$number = intval($number);
$digit++;
}while($number!=0);
return $digit;
}
//function call
$num = 12312;
$number_of_digits = count_digit($num); //this is call :)
echo $number_of_digits;
//prints 5
?>
eric ¶
4 years ago
In response to the comment by me at troyswanson dot net:
-2147483648 falls into the range of 32 bit signed integers yet php treats it as a float. However, -2147483647-1 is treated as an integer.
The following code demonstrates:
<?php
var_dump(-2147483648); //float(-2147483648)
var_dump(-2147483647 - 1); //int(-2147483648)
?>
This is probably very similar to the MS C bug which also treats -2147483648 as an UNSIGNED because it thinks it's out of the range of a signed int.
The problem is that the parser does not view "-x" as a single token, but rather as two, "-" and "x". Since "x" is out of the range of an INT, it is promoted to float, even though in this unique case, "-x" is in the range of an int.
The best cure is probably to replace "-2147483648" with "0x80000000", as that is the hexadecimal equivalent of the same number.
Hope that helps explain what's going on
Peace
- Eric / fez
Richard ¶
2 years ago
Integer arithmetic in PHP is more accurate than one might think. On a 32-bit system, the largest value that can be held in an INT is 2147483647.
However, a FLOAT can accurately hold integer values up to 10000000000000.
(this is because the significand precision of a double is 53-bits).
php at keith tyler dot com ¶
2 years ago
If you need to convert a numeric string (or more to the point, an object that represents a numeric value) that is greater then PHP_INT_MAX, and you don't have GMP or BCMath installed, you can cast to float.
For example, when using SimpleXMLElement, you sometimes have to cast the extracted values, such as xml attributes, because they are returned as SimpleXMLElements and not their values' native types. While print() has no trouble with converting them, other functions, such as max(), might not.
But if you cast such a value with (int), and it is over PHP_INT_MAX, you will just get PHP_INT_MAX (and vice versa for negative numbers).
The Q&D no-muss solution is to cast to (float) instead.
wbcarts at juno dot com ¶
4 years ago
PHP offers a slew of built-in functions and automatic type-casting routines which can get pretty complicated. But most of the time, you still have to take matters into your own hands and allow PHP to do its thing. In that case, and something that has NOT been mentioned, is how to construct your code. To keep things simple, I divide all my scripts in half. The top half gives my scripts the "capability" they need, and the lower half is the actual code to be "run" or "executed".
<?php
/*
* build the program's capability - define variables and functions...
*/
$item_label = ''; // type string
$item_price = 0.0; // type float
$item_qty = 1; // type integer
$item_total = 0.0; // type float - to set use calculate()
function calculate(){
global $item_price, $item_qty, $item_total;
$item_price = number_format($item_price, 2);
$item_total = number_format(($item_price * $item_qty), 2);
}
function itemToString() {
global $item_label, $item_price, $item_qty, $item_total;
return "$item_label [price=\$$item_price, qty=$item_qty, total=\$$item_total]";
}
/*
* run the program - set data, call methods...
*/
$item_label = "Coffee";
$item_price = 3.89;
$item_qty = 2;
calculate(); // set $item_total
echo itemToString(); // -> Coffee [price=$3.89, qty=2, total=$7.78]
$item_label = "Chicken";
$item_price = .80; // per lb.
$item_qty = 3.5; // lbs.
calculate(); // set $item_total
echo itemToString(); // -> Chicken [price=$0.80, qty=3.5, total=$2.80]
?>
Note: All type-casting is done by PHP's built-in number_format() method. This allows our program to enter any number (float or int) on item price or quantity in the runtime part of our script. Also, if we explicitly cast values to integer in the capability part of our script, then we start getting results that may not be desirable for this program. For example, if in the calculate method we cast item_qty to integer, then we can no longer sell chicken by the pound!
autotelic at NOOOOSPAM dot hotmail dot com ¶
5 years ago
A note about converting IP addresses for storage in database. For MySQL, this is unnecessary as it has built in support via the INET functions. Also, there is no need to use BIGINT. UNSIGNED INT is, at 4 bytes, the perfect size for holding an IP (column must be defined as UNSIGNED). This can basically halve the storage size, as BIGINT is an 8 byte data type.
INET_ATON() converts a dotted IP string to INT:
INSERT table(ip) VALUES(INET_ATON('127.0.0.1'));
INET_NTOA() converts an INT to dotted IP string:
SELECT INET_NTOA(ip) FROM table
returns '127.0.0.1'
Details:
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/miscellaneous-functions.html
sean dot gilbertson at gmail dot com ¶
4 years ago
You can make a signed, negative integer an unsigned integer (in string form) by doing the following:
<?php
$unsigned = sprintf('%u', -5);
echo $unsigned; // prints 4294967291
?>