syslog

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)

syslog — Генерирует сообщение для системного журнала

Описание

bool syslog ( int $priority , string $message )

Функция syslog() генерирует сообщение, которое направляется в системный журнал.

По поводу информации по установке пользовательского обработчика сообщений журнала см. Unix руководство в части syslog.conf (5). Дополнительную информацию по функционалу syslog можно получить с помощью man для syslog (3) на Unix машинах.

Список параметров

priority

Параметр priority - это комбинация установки и уровня. Возможными значениями являются:

**syslog()** приоритеты (по убыванию)
Константа	Описание
`LOG_EMERG`	система непригодна
`LOG_ALERT`	необходимы незамедлительные меры
`LOG_CRIT`	критические условия
`LOG_ERR`	условия ошибки
`LOG_WARNING`	условия предупреждения
`LOG_NOTICE`	нормальные, но значительные условия
`LOG_INFO`	информационное сообщение
`LOG_DEBUG`	сообщение отладки

Параметр message

Отсылаемое сообщение, исключая то, что два символа %m будут заменены строкой сообщения об ошибке (strerror), соответствующей текущему значению errno.

Возвращаемые значения

Возвращает TRUE в случае успешного завершения или FALSE в случае возникновения ошибки.

Примеры

Пример #1 Пример использования syslog()


<?php
// открыть syslog, включить в сообщение ID процесса, также отправить
// сообщение, и использовать определенный пользователем
// механизм журналирования
openlog("myScriptLog", LOG_PID | LOG_PERROR, LOG_LOCAL0);

// некий код

if (authorized_client()) {
    // исполнение любого кода
} else {
    // неавторизованный клиент!
    // отправить сообщение журнала о попытке
    $access = date("Y/m/d H:i:s");
    syslog(LOG_WARNING, "Неавторизованный клиент: $access {$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']} ({$_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']})");
}

closelog();
?>

Примечания

На Windows NT, служба syslog эмулируется используя Журнал Событий.

Замечание:
Использование значений с LOG_LOCAL0 по LOG_LOCAL7 для параметра facility в функции openlog() недоступно в Windows.

Смотрите также

openlog() - Открывает соединение к системному журналу
closelog() - Завершает соединение с системным журналом

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User Contributed Notes 15 notes

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Antonio Lobato ¶

7 years ago


A word of warning; if you use openlog() to ready syslog() and your Apache threads accept multiple requests, you *must* call closelog() if Apache's error log is configured to write to syslog.  Failure to do so will cause Apache's error log to write to whatever facility/ident was used in openlog.

Example, in httpd.conf you have:

ErrorLog syslog:local7

and in php you do:

<?php
openlog("myprogram", 0, LOG_LOCAL0);
syslog("My syslog message");
?>

From here on out, this Apache thread will write ErrorLog to local0 and under the process name "myprogram" and not httpd!  Calling closelog() will fix this.

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james dot ellis at gmail dot com ¶

9 years ago


If anyone is wondering why their log messages are appearing in multiple log files, here is one answer applying to *nix systems:

If your syslog.conf looks like this (assuming you use LOG_LOCAL0 for web app logging) :

local0.info    /var/log/web/info.log

This will collect *all* messages of LOG_INFO level and higher, i.e everything except debug messages

Try this instead to ensure that only messages of the named log level go into the relevant log file:

local0.=info    /var/log/web/info.log

Additionally, you may like to add this to ensure your messages don't end up in generic log files like "messages"  "all" "syslog" and "debug":

local0.none    /var/log/messages
local0.none    /var/log/debug
etc

saves disk space among other things - more at "man syslog.conf"

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helly at php dot net ¶

10 years ago


If you are using syslog-ng and want errors send to syslog then use ini setting "error_log = syslog" and add something like the following to your syslog-ng.conf:

destination php { file("/var/log/php.log" owner(root) group(devel) perm(0620)); };
log { source(src); filter(f_php); destination(php); };

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huangyg11 at gmail dot com ¶

2 years ago


For those who want to simultaneously write to multiple syslog facilities : 

syslog(LOG_INFO|LOG_LOCAL0, "message for local0");
syslog(LOG_INFO|LOG_LOCAL1, "message for local1");

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antoine dot leverve dot EXT at zodiacaerospace dot com ¶

1 year ago


The documentation is incorrect when it says "Priorities (in descending order)", as the table that follows is actually in **ascending** order.

For example my output says:
LOG_ERR : 4
LOG_WARNING : 5
LOG_DEBUG : 6

An important difference, that caused me some pain!

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dpreece at paradise dot net dot nz ¶

15 years ago


To set up a custom log file via the syslog daemon (FreeBSD in this case)...

Add to /etc/syslog.conf a line that says all errors from the httpd process are to go to a file called (for example) /var/log/httpd-php.log

!httpd
*.*   {tab}   /var/log/httpd-php.log

Note the tab, being a tab character! Next create a blank file to be written to. I'm sure there are 1e+6 ways to do this, but I choose

# cat > httpd-php.log << EOF
? EOF

Finally find your syslog daemon and send it a sighup to inform it of the change:

# ps ax | grep syslogd
  133  ??  Ss     0:07.23 syslogd -s
# kill -1 133

Et voila! Php syslog calls will now arrive in /var/log/httpd-php.log

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daniele dot patoner at biblio dot unitn dot it ¶

13 years ago


This work for me, to redirect  logs to a separate syslog file

put this line in your /etc/syslog.conf :

local0.debug   /var/log/php.log

Then restart syslogd:

/etc/init.d/syslog restart

php example:

<?php
define_syslog_variables();
openlog("TextLog", LOG_PID, LOG_LOCAL0);

$data = date("Y/m/d H:i:s");
syslog(LOG_DEBUG,"Messagge: $data");

closelog();
?>

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gregj at pdxperts dot com ¶

13 years ago


The message string sent to the log file is limited to 500 characters.

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-1

nospam \100 jraxis com (that's right!) ¶

15 years ago


This *does* actually goto the system log as configured in /etc/syslog.conf (such as /var/log/messages), it doesn't goto Apache's ErrorLog (such as /var/log/httpd/error_log). At least under my Debian Potato with Apache 1.3.23.

Use error_log() to be sure it gets into Apache's ErrorLog.

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-1

mavetju at chello dot nl ¶

16 years ago


With FreeBSD I can use: syslog(LOG_INFO,"test");



BSD/OS does not support this, I had to use the literal values for the priority (158: local3.info):

syslog(158,"test");

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-1

rcgraves+php at brandeis dot edu ¶

17 years ago


For the-header-file-enabled:



man 3 syslog defines the priorities, but not the integer values. For that you'll need to read your system header file.



Let's suppose I want to log an informational message in the mail log (which happens to be true). The man page tells me I want LOG_MAIL|LOG_INFO. So I look in /usr/include/sys/syslog.h and find (this happens to be Linux, your system could be different):



#define LOG_INFO        6       /* informational */

#define LOG_MAIL        (2<<3)  /* mail system */



2<<3 means shift 3 bits left, which means multiply by 8. So I want 2*8 + 6 = 22. syslog(22,"this message will appear in the mail log"); And indeed it does.

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-1

bb at lb-data dot co dot at ¶

17 years ago


In Windows NT, use the following values of priority:

1 = error,

6 = info

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-5

Torsten ¶

13 years ago


I had a problem trying to issue a syslog message with IIS 5.1 under Windows XP. The function call seemed to succeed, but the event viewer showed that no entry was made.
Finally I found out that the user account used for the webserver (IUSR_<Computername>) did not have enough permissions to issue syslog alerts. I changed this by adding this user to the Users group instead of only Guest.

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-8

adam _at_ lockdownnetworks _dot_ com ¶

10 years ago


Be aware when using syslog() that if you set the timezone of environment to be something other than the standard, syslog() may log the time to the log(s) with the wrong time zone information. For example:

<?php

openlog('mylog', LOG_PID | LOG_ODELAY,LOG_LOCAL4);

putenv('TZ=UTC');
syslog(LOG_INFO, 'UTC Log line');

putenv('TZ=US/Pacific');
syslog(LOG_INFO, 'US/Pacific Log line');

closelog();

?>

Viewing the /usr/log/messages log will display these two lines:

Apr 11 01:25:39 hostname mylog[1400]: UTC Log line
Apr 10 18:25:39 hostname mylog[1400]: US/Pacific Log line

Adam.

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-9

gherson at snet dot net ¶

16 years ago


Example of where to look for syslog's output:   /var/log/httpd/access_log

(on Red Hat Linux Secure Server v6.2).

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