curl_exec

    (PHP 4 >= 4.0.2, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

    curl_exec — Eine cURL-Session ausführen

    Beschreibung

    curl_exec(CurlHandle $handle): string|bool

    Ausführen der übergegebenen cURL-Session.

    Diese Funktion sollte aufgerufen werden, nachdem eine cURL-Session initialisiert wurde und alle Optionen für jene gesetzt sind.

    Parameter-Liste

    handle

    Ein von curl_init() zurückgegebenes cURL-Handle.

    Rückgabewerte

    Bei Erfolg sendet diese Funktion das Ergebnis direkt an stdout und gibt true zurück. Bei einem Fehler wird false zurückgegeben. Ist jedoch die Option CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER gesetzt so wird das Ergebnis des cURL-Transfers zurückgegeben, im Falle eines Fehlschlags false.

    Warnung

    Diese Funktion kann sowohl das boolsche false zurückliefern, als auch einen nicht-boolschen Wert, welcher zu false ausgewertet wird. Weitere Informationen entnehmen Sie bitte dem Abschnitt über die boolschen Typen. Benutzen Sie deshalb den === Operator, um den Rückgabewert dieser Funktion zu überprüfen.

    Hinweis:

    Es ist zu beachten, dass Antwort-Statuscodes, die Fehler anzeigen (wie etwa 404 Not found), nicht als Fehlschlag angesehen werden. curl_getinfo() kann verwendet werden, um auf solche zu prüfen.

    Changelog

    Version Beschreibung
    8.0.0 handle erwartet nun eine CurlHandle-Instanz; vorher wurde eine Ressource erwartet.

    Beispiele

    Beispiel #1 Abrufen einer Webseite

    <?php
    // Erzeuge ein neues cURL-Handle
    $ch = curl_init();
    // Setze die URL und andere Optionen
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://www.example.com/");
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);

    // Führe die Aktion aus und gib die Daten an den Browser weiter
    curl_exec($ch);

    // Schließe das cURL-Handle und gib die Systemressourcen frei
    curl_close($ch);
    ?>

    Siehe auch

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    ＋add a note

    User Contributed Notes 9 notes

    up
    117
    David from Code2Design.com
    14 years ago
    Just in case anyone is looking for a a couple of simple functions [to help automate cURL processes for POST and GET queries] I thought I'd post these.

    <?php

    /**
    * Send a POST requst using cURL
    * @param string $url to request
    * @param array $post values to send
    * @param array $options for cURL
    * @return string
    */
    function curl_post($url, array $post = NULL, array $options = array())
    {
    $defaults = array(
    CURLOPT_POST => 1,
    CURLOPT_HEADER => 0,
    CURLOPT_URL => $url,
    CURLOPT_FRESH_CONNECT => 1,
    CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => 1,
    CURLOPT_FORBID_REUSE => 1,
    CURLOPT_TIMEOUT => 4,
    CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS => http_build_query($post)
    );

    $ch = curl_init();
    curl_setopt_array($ch, ($options + $defaults));
    if( !     $result = curl_exec($ch))
    {
    trigger_error(curl_error($ch));
    }
    curl_close($ch);
    return     $result;
    }

    /**
    * Send a GET requst using cURL
    * @param string $url to request
    * @param array $get values to send
    * @param array $options for cURL
    * @return string
    */
    function curl_get($url, array $get = NULL, array $options = array())
    {
    $defaults = array(
    CURLOPT_URL => $url. (strpos($url, '?') === FALSE ? '?' : ''). http_build_query($get),
    CURLOPT_HEADER => 0,
    CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => TRUE,
    CURLOPT_TIMEOUT => 4
    );

    $ch = curl_init();
    curl_setopt_array($ch, ($options + $defaults));
    if( !     $result = curl_exec($ch))
    {
    trigger_error(curl_error($ch));
    }
    curl_close($ch);
    return     $result;
    }
    ?>
    up
    32
    Anonymous
    18 years ago
    Be careful when using curl_exec() and the CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER option. According to the manual and assorted documentation:
    Set CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER to TRUE to return the transfer as a string of the return value of curl_exec() instead of outputting it out directly.

    When retrieving a document with no content (ie. 0 byte file), curl_exec() will return bool(true), not an empty string. I've not seen any mention of this in the manual.

    Example code to reproduce this:
    <?php

    // fictional URL to an existing file with no data in it (ie. 0 byte file)
    $url = 'http://www.example.com/empty_file.txt';

    $curl = curl_init();

    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);

    // execute and return string (this should be an empty string '')
    $str = curl_exec($curl);

    curl_close($curl);

    // the value of $str is actually bool(true), not empty string ''
    var_dump($str);

    ?>
    up
    22
    turiyag
    7 years ago
    Don't disable SSL verification! You don't need to, and it's super easy to stay secure! If you found that turning off "CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST" and "CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER" solved your problem, odds are you're just on a Windows box. Takes 2 min to solve the problem. Walkthrough here:

    https://snippets.webaware.com.au/howto/stop-turning-off-curlopt_ssl_verifypeer-and-fix-your-php-config/
    up
    7
    jpatta at digitalgamesystems dot com
    3 years ago
    If you are looking the debug curl_exec, you may wish to log its details, and analyze the various time points during its execution.

    before curl_exec:

    <?php
    // this will produce a curl log
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, true);
    curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_STDERR, fopen('/your/writable/app/logdir/curl.log', 'a+')); // a+ to append...
    ?>

    after curl_exec, but before curl_close:

    <?php
    // this will extract the timing information
    extract(curl_getinfo($curl)); // create metrics variables from getinfo
    $appconnect_time = curl_getinfo($curl, CURLINFO_APPCONNECT_TIME); // request this time explicitly
    $downloadduration = number_format($total_time - $starttransfer_time, 9); // format, to get rid of scientific notation
    $namelookup_time = number_format($namelookup_time, 9);
    $metrics = "CURL...: $url Time...: $total_time DNS: $namelookup_time Connect: $connect_time SSL/SSH: $appconnect_time PreTransfer: $pretransfer_time StartTransfer: $starttransfer_time Download: $downloadduration";
    error_log($metrics); // write to php-fpm default www-error.log, or append it to same log as above with file_put_contents(<filename>, $metrics, FILE_APPEND)
    ?>

    Happy debugging
    up
    -1
    roman dot ivasyuk at gmail dot com
    16 years ago
    <?php
    class CurlRequest
    {
    private     $ch;
    /**
    * Init curl session
    *
    * $params = array('url' => '',
    * 'host' => '',
    * 'header' => '',
    * 'method' => '',
    * 'referer' => '',
    * 'cookie' => '',
    * 'post_fields' => '',
    * ['login' => '',]
    * ['password' => '',]
    * 'timeout' => 0
    * );
    */
    public function init($params)
    {
    $this->ch = curl_init();
    $user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U;
    Windows NT 5.1; ru; rv:1.8.0.9) Gecko/20061206 Firefox/1.5.0.9'    ;
    $header = array(
    "Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,
    text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5"    ,
    "Accept-Language: ru-ru,ru;q=0.7,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3",
    "Accept-Charset: windows-1251,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7",
    "Keep-Alive: 300");
    if (isset(    $params['host']) && $params['host']) $header[]="Host: ".$host;
    if (isset(    $params['header']) && $params['header']) $header[]=$params['header'];

    @    curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER , 1 );
    @    curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_VERBOSE , 1 );
    @    curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_HEADER , 1 );

    if (    $params['method'] == "HEAD") @curl_setopt($this -> ch,CURLOPT_NOBODY,1);
    @    curl_setopt ( $this -> ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);
    @    curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $header );
    if (    $params['referer']) @curl_setopt ($this -> ch , CURLOPT_REFERER, $params['referer'] );
    @    curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_USERAGENT, $user_agent);
    if (    $params['cookie']) @curl_setopt ($this -> ch , CURLOPT_COOKIE, $params['cookie']);

    if (     $params['method'] == "POST" )
    {
    curl_setopt( $this -> ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
    curl_setopt( $this -> ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $params['post_fields'] );
    }
    @    curl_setopt( $this -> ch, CURLOPT_URL, $params['url']);
    @    curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0 );
    @    curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0 );
    if (isset(    $params['login']) & isset($params['password']))
    @    curl_setopt($this -> ch , CURLOPT_USERPWD,$params['login'].':'.$params['password']);
    @    curl_setopt ( $this -> ch , CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, $params['timeout']);
    }

    /**
    * Make curl request
    *
    * @return array 'header','body','curl_error','http_code','last_url'
    */
    public function exec()
    {
    $response = curl_exec($this->ch);
    $error = curl_error($this->ch);
    $result = array( 'header' => '',
    'body' => '',
    'curl_error' => '',
    'http_code' => '',
    'last_url' => '');
    if (     $error != "" )
    {
    $result['curl_error'] = $error;
    return     $result;
    }

    $header_size = curl_getinfo($this->ch,CURLINFO_HEADER_SIZE);
    $result['header'] = substr($response, 0, $header_size);
    $result['body'] = substr( $response, $header_size );
    $result['http_code'] = curl_getinfo($this -> ch,CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);
    $result['last_url'] = curl_getinfo($this -> ch,CURLINFO_EFFECTIVE_URL);
    return     $result;
    }
    }
    ?>

    Example of use:
    <?php
    ..........
    try
    {
    $params = array('url' => 'http://www.google.com',
    'host' => '',
    'header' => '',
    'method' => 'GET', // 'POST','HEAD'
    'referer' => '',
    'cookie' => '',
    'post_fields' => '', // 'var1=value&var2=value
    'timeout' => 20
    );

    $this->curl->init($params);
    $result = $this->curl->exec();
    if (    $result['curl_error']) throw new Exception($result['curl_error']);
    if (    $result['http_code']!='200') throw new Exception("HTTP Code = ".$result['http_code']);
    if (!    $result['body']) throw new Exception("Body of file is empty");
    ...............
    }
    catch (    Exception $e)
    {
    echo     $e->getMessage();
    }
    ?>
    up
    -1
    hablutzel1 at gmail dot com
    10 years ago
    Be always aware that CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER set to FALSE or 0 should never be used for production as it makes the link inmediately vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attack, still you can use it during development, but I would suggest that only if you KNOW what are you doing, otherwise spend some more time making requests to HTTPS sites work without resorting to set that option to FALSE or 0.
    up
    -3
    lukasl at ackleymedia dot com
    18 years ago
    Thank you for sharing this. I was wondering why my result was 1.

    To get around this in a safe way, this is how I check if the result is valid.

    $ch = curl_init(); /// initialize a cURL session
    curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    $xmlResponse = curl_exec ($ch);
    curl_close ($ch);

    if (!is_string($xmlResponse) || !strlen($xmlResponse)) {
    return $this->_set_error( "Failure Contacting Server" );
    } else {
    return $xmlResponse;
    }
    up
    -4
    nagyp at hunaxon dot hu
    21 years ago
    fyi:
    It returns false if there's an error while executing the curl session, no matter how CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER is set.
    up
    -3
    Roland
    4 years ago
    To check for a timeout or error -

    if (!$responsexml || !is_string($responsexml) || !strlen($responsexml) || strpos($responsexml, 'upstream request timeout') !== false) {
    return $this->sendRequest($request, $headers);
    }
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