syslog

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

syslog — Erzeugt eine Meldung für das System-Log

Beschreibung

syslog(int $priority, string $message): true

Die Funktion syslog() erzeugt eine Log-Meldung, die über das System-Log ausgegeben wird.

Weitere Informationen zum benutzerdefinierten Loghandler sind unter syslog.conf (5) der Unix-Manpages zu finden. Zusätzliche Informationen zu den SysLog-Möglichkeiten und -Optionen sind in den Manpages zu syslog (3) (auf UNIX-Systemen) zu finden.

Parameter-Liste

priority: Eine der folgenden Konstanten LOG_EMERG, LOG_ALERT, LOG_CRIT, LOG_ERR, LOG_WARNING, LOG_NOTICE, LOG_INFO, LOG_DEBUG
message: Die zu sendende Nachricht.

Rückgabewerte

Gibt immer true zurück.

Beispiele

Beispiel #1 Die Verwendung von syslog()

<?php
// öffne SysLog, schließe die Prozess-ID (PID) ein, sende
// die Log-Meldungen an die Standard-Fehler-Ausgabe und benutze
// einen benutzerdefinierten Log-Mechanismus.
openlog("myScripLog", LOG_PID | LOG_PERROR, LOG_LOCAL0);

// etwas Code

if (authorized_client()) {
    // mache etwas
} else {
    // unerlaubter Client!
    // logge den Zugriff
    $access = date("Y/m/d H:i:s");
    syslog(LOG_WARNING,"Unautorisierter Client: $access "
        . "{$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']} ({$_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']})");
}

closelog();
?>

Anmerkungen

Unter Windows wird der Syslog-Dienst emuliert, indem der Ereignis-Protokolldienst genutzt wird.

Hinweis:
Unter Windows können LOG_LOCAL0 bis LOG_LOCAL7 nicht für den Parameter facility von openlog() verwendet werden.

Siehe auch

openlog() - Stellt eine Verbindung zum Log-Dienst des Systems her
closelog() - Schließt die Verbindung zum System-Logger
INI-Einstellung syslog.filter (ab PHP 7.3)

Found A Problem?

Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug

＋add a note

User Contributed Notes 8 notes

down

james dot ellis at gmail dot com ¶

17 years ago

If anyone is wondering why their log messages are appearing in multiple log files, here is one answer applying to *nix systems:

If your syslog.conf looks like this (assuming you use LOG_LOCAL0 for web app logging) :

local0.info    /var/log/web/info.log

This will collect *all* messages of LOG_INFO level and higher, i.e everything except debug messages

Try this instead to ensure that only messages of the named log level go into the relevant log file:

local0.=info    /var/log/web/info.log

Additionally, you may like to add this to ensure your messages don't end up in generic log files like "messages"  "all" "syslog" and "debug":

local0.none    /var/log/messages
local0.none    /var/log/debug
etc

saves disk space among other things - more at "man syslog.conf"

down

stevekamerman at gmail dot com ¶

6 years ago

This function sends messages in BSD Syslog RFC 3164 format (https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3164).

To see the raw messages being sent by PHP to the logging socket, first stop your syslog/rsylsog/ng-syslog service, then listen to the logging socket with the netcat-openbsd package:

nc -U -l /dev/log

Now, log something from PHP:

<?php
syslog(LOG_LOCAL1|LOG_INFO, "Test from PHP");
?>

You will see the rfc3164 output from netcat:

<142>Oct 24 14:32:51 php: Test from PHP

down

OWM ¶

4 years ago

Syslog autodetects newline control characters and therefore splits the message by multiple lines. To prevent this behavior in PHP 7.3+ you can use undocumented (at this moment) ini setting:

<?php

ini_set('syslog.filter', 'raw');

# more info here: https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=77913

down

Antonio Lobato ¶

14 years ago

A word of warning; if you use openlog() to ready syslog() and your Apache threads accept multiple requests, you *must* call closelog() if Apache's error log is configured to write to syslog.  Failure to do so will cause Apache's error log to write to whatever facility/ident was used in openlog.

Example, in httpd.conf you have:

ErrorLog syslog:local7

and in php you do:

<?php
openlog("myprogram", 0, LOG_LOCAL0);
syslog("My syslog message");
?>

From here on out, this Apache thread will write ErrorLog to local0 and under the process name "myprogram" and not httpd!  Calling closelog() will fix this.

down

rgagnon24 at gmail dot com ¶

6 years ago

This one had me going for a while when using LOG_ constants in another object, when developing on Windows, but deploying on Linux.

Windows evaluates some of the LOG_ constants to the same value, while LINUX does not.

The 8 constants and their differences on the platforms to be aware of:

Linux has these values as:
========================
LOG_EMERG = 0
LOG_ALERT = 1
LOG_CRIT = 2
LOG_ERR = 3
LOG_WARNING = 4
LOG_NOTICE = 5
LOG_INFO = 6
LOG_DEBUG = 7

While on Windows, you have:
==========================
LOG_EMERG = 1
LOG_ALERT = 1
LOG_CRIT = 1
LOG_ERR = 4
LOG_WARNING = 5
LOG_NOTICE = 6
LOG_INFO = 6
LOG_DEBUG = 6

So if you're setting LOG_WARNING in your code, Linux will use 4 as the priority while Windows will use 5.

This is not a bug in PHP on either platform, but a difference in the system header files that PHP compiles with.  Not really anything you can do, but be aware if you're wondering why your messages log at different priorities depending on the platform, this could be why.

down

huangyg11 at gmail dot com ¶

9 years ago

For those who want to simultaneously write to multiple syslog facilities : 

syslog(LOG_INFO|LOG_LOCAL0, "message for local0");
syslog(LOG_INFO|LOG_LOCAL1, "message for local1");

down

helly at php dot net ¶

17 years ago

If you are using syslog-ng and want errors send to syslog then use ini setting "error_log = syslog" and add something like the following to your syslog-ng.conf:

destination php { file("/var/log/php.log" owner(root) group(devel) perm(0620)); };
log { source(src); filter(f_php); destination(php); };

down

Anonymous ¶

3 years ago

There's no point to manually timestamp the message (as shown in docs' example) as all sane logging systems timestamp all entries by themselves.

＋add a note