PHP: Attribute syntax

Attribute syntax

Attribute syntax consists of several key components. An attribute declaration starts with #[ and ends with ]. Inside, one or more attributes can be listed, separated by commas. The attribute name can be unqualified, qualified, or fully-qualified, as described in Using Namespaces Basics. Arguments to the attribute are optional and enclosed in parentheses (). Arguments can only be literal values or constant expressions. Both positional and named argument syntax are supported.

Attribute names and their arguments are resolved to a class, and the arguments are passed to its constructor when an instance of the attribute is requested through the Reflection API. Therefore, it is recommended to introduce a class for each attribute.

Example #1 Attribute Syntax

<?php
// a.php
namespace MyExample;

use Attribute;

#[Attribute]
class MyAttribute
{
    const VALUE = 'value';

    private $value;

    public function __construct($value = null)
    {
        $this->value = $value;
    }
}

// b.php

namespace Another;

use MyExample\MyAttribute;

#[MyAttribute]
#[\MyExample\MyAttribute]
#[MyAttribute(1234)]
#[MyAttribute(value: 1234)]
#[MyAttribute(MyAttribute::VALUE)]
#[MyAttribute(array("key" => "value"))]
#[MyAttribute(100 + 200)]
class Thing
{
}

#[MyAttribute(1234), MyAttribute(5678)]
class AnotherThing
{
}

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User Contributed Notes 1 note

down

yarns dot purport0n at icloud dot com ¶

1 year ago

It wasn't obvious to me for a while but you can subclass attributes

https://3v4l.org/TrMTe

<?php

#[Attribute(Attribute::TARGET_PROPERTY)]
class PropertyAttributes
 {
    public function __construct(
        public readonly ?string $name = null,
        public readonly ?string $label = null,
    ) {}
 }

#[Attribute(Attribute::TARGET_PROPERTY)]
class IntegerPropertyAttributes extends PropertyAttributes
 {
    public function __construct(
        ?string $name = null,
        ?string $label = null,
        public readonly ?int $default = null,
        public readonly ?int $min = null,
        public readonly ?int $max = null,
        public readonly ?int $step = null,
    ) {
        parent::__construct($name, $label);
    }
 }

#[Attribute(Attribute::TARGET_PROPERTY)]
class FloatPropertyAttributes extends PropertyAttributes
 {
    public function __construct(
        ?string $name = null,
        ?string $label = null,
        public readonly ?float $default = null,
        public readonly ?float $min = null,
        public readonly ?float $max = null,
    ) {
        parent::__construct($name, $label);
    }
 }

class MyClass
 {
     #[IntegerPropertyAttributes('prop', 'property: ', 5, 0, 10, 1)]
     public int $prop;
 }

$refl = new ReflectionProperty('MyClass', 'prop');
$attributes = $refl->getAttributes();

    foreach ($attributes as $attribute) {
       var_dump($attribute->getName());
       var_dump($attribute->getArguments());
       var_dump($attribute->newInstance());
    }
?>

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