PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor

Examples

Example #1 Basic limited values

<?php

enum SortOrder
{
    case Asc;
    case Desc;
}

function query($fields, $filter, SortOrder $order = SortOrder::Asc)
{
     /* ... */
}
?>

The query() function can now proceed safe in the knowledge that $order is guaranteed to be either SortOrder::Asc or SortOrder::Desc. Any other value would have resulted in a TypeError, so no further error checking or testing is needed.

Example #2 Advanced exclusive values

<?php

enum UserStatus: string
{
    case Pending = 'P';
    case Active = 'A';
    case Suspended = 'S';
    case CanceledByUser = 'C';

    public function label(): string
    {
        return match($this) {
            static::Pending => 'Pending',
            static::Active => 'Active',
            static::Suspended => 'Suspended',
            static::CanceledByUser => 'Canceled by user',
        };
    }
}
?>

In this example, a user's status may be one of, and exclusively, UserStatus::Pending, UserStatus::Active, UserStatus::Suspended, or UserStatus::CanceledByUser. A function can type a parameter against UserStatus and then only accept those four values, period.

All four values have a label() method, which returns a human-readable string. That string is independent of the "machine name" scalar equivalent string, which can be used in, for example, a database field or an HTML select box.

<?php

foreach (UserStatus::cases() as $case) {
    printf('<option value="%s">%s</option>\n', $case->value, $case->label());
}
?>

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User Contributed Notes 1 note

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php-net at mentordosnerds dot com ¶

1 year ago

Additional use-case examples:
<?php

trait EnumNamesTrait
{
    abstract public static function cases(): array;
    
    public static function names(): array
    {
        return array_map(fn($enum) => $enum->name, static::cases());
    }
}

trait EnumValuesTrait
{
    abstract public static function cases(): array;
    
    public static function values(): array
    {
        return array_map(fn($enum) => $enum->value, static::cases());
    }
}

trait EnumArraySerializableTrait
{
    use EnumNamesTrait;
    use EnumValuesTrait;
    
    public static function array(): array
    {
        return array_combine(static::names(), static::values());
    }
}

trait EnumJsonSerializableTrait
{
    use EnumArraySerializableTrait;
     
    public static function jsonSerialize(): string
    {
        return json_encode(static::array());
    }
}

enum Suit: string
{
    case Clubs = '♣';
    case Diamonds = '♦';
    case Hearts = '♥';
    case Spades = '♠';
 
    use EnumJsonSerializableTrait;
    
    public const DEFAULT = self::Hearts;
    
    public static function default(): static
    {
        return self::DEFAULT;
    }
}

var_dump(
    Suit::cases(),
    Suit::values(), 
    Suit::names(),
    Suit::array(),
    Suit::jsonSerialize(),
    Suit::default(),
);

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