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    PDO::exec

    (PHP 5 >= 5.1.0, PHP 7, PHP 8, PECL pdo >= 0.1.0)

    PDO::exec — Execute an SQL statement and return the number of affected rows

    Description

    public PDO::exec(string $statement): int|false

    PDO::exec() executes an SQL statement in a single function call, returning the number of rows affected by the statement.

    PDO::exec() does not return results from a SELECT statement. For a SELECT statement that you only need to issue once during your program, consider issuing PDO::query(). For a statement that you need to issue multiple times, prepare a PDOStatement object with PDO::prepare() and issue the statement with PDOStatement::execute().

    Parameters

    statement

    The SQL statement to prepare and execute.

    Data inside the query should be properly escaped.

    Return Values

    PDO::exec() returns the number of rows that were modified or deleted by the SQL statement you issued. If no rows were affected, PDO::exec() returns 0.

    Warning

    This function may return Boolean false, but may also return a non-Boolean value which evaluates to false. Please read the section on Booleans for more information. Use the === operator for testing the return value of this function.

    The following example incorrectly relies on the return value of PDO::exec(), wherein a statement that affected 0 rows results in a call to die():

    <?php
    $db    ->exec() or die(print_r($db->errorInfo(), true)); // incorrect
    ?>

    Errors/Exceptions

    Emits an error with level E_WARNING if the attribute PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE is set to PDO::ERRMODE_WARNING.

    Throws a PDOException if the attribute PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE is set to PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION.

    Examples

    Example #1 Issuing a DELETE statement

    Count the number of rows deleted by a DELETE statement with no WHERE clause.

    <?php
    $dbh     = new PDO('odbc:sample', 'db2inst1', 'ibmdb2');

    /* Delete all rows from the FRUIT table */
    $count = $dbh->exec("DELETE FROM fruit");

    /* Return number of rows that were deleted */
    print "Deleted $count rows.\n";
    ?>

    The above example will output:

    Deleted 1 rows.

    See Also

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    User Contributed Notes 5 notes

    up
    44
    david at acz dot org
    18 years ago
    This function cannot be used with any queries that return results. This includes SELECT, OPTIMIZE TABLE, etc.
    up
    2
    Sbastien
    2 years ago
    Note that with MySQL you can detect a DUPLICATE KEY with INSERT (1 = INSERT, 2 = UPDATE) :

    <?php

    // MySQL specific INSERT UPDATE-like syntax
    $sql = <<<SQL
     INSERT INTO customers
    SET
    id =     {$pdo->quote($id)},
    name =     {$pdo->quote($name)},
    address =     {$pdo->quote($address)}
    AS new
    ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
    name = new.name,
    address = new.address
     SQL;

    $result = $pdo->exec($sql);

    if (    $result === 1) {
    // An INSERT of a new row has be done
    } elseif ($result === 2) {
    // An UPDATE of an existing row has be done
    }
    up
    13
    soletan at toxa dot de
    18 years ago
    It's worth noting here, that - in addition to the hints given in docs up there - using prepare, bind and execute provides more benefits than multiply querying a statement: performance and security!

    If you insert some binary data (e.g. image file) into database using INSERT INTO ... then it may boost performance of parsing your statement since it is kept small (a few bytes, only, while the image may be several MiBytes) and there is no need to escape/quote the file's binary data to become a proper string value.

    And, finally and for example, if you want to get a more secure PHP application which isn't affectable by SQL injection attacks you _have to_ consider using prepare/execute on every statement containing data (like INSERTs or SELECTs with WHERE-clauses). Separating the statement code from related data using prepare, bind and execute is best method - fast and secure! You don't even need to escape/quote/format-check any data.
    up
    6
    calin at NOSPAM dot softped dot com
    9 years ago
    PDO::eval() might return `false` for some statements (e.g. CREATE TABLE) even if the operation completed successfully, when using PDO_DBLIB and FreeTDS. So it is not a reliable way of testing the op status.

    PDO::errorInfo() can be used to test the SQLSTATE error code for '00000' (success) and '01000' (success with warning).

    <?php
    function execute(PDO $conn, $sql) {
    $affected = $conn->exec($sql);
    if (    $affected === false) {
    $err = $conn->errorInfo();
    if (    $err[0] === '00000' || $err[0] === '01000') {
    return     true;
    }
    }
    return     $affected;
    }
    ?>

    PDO::errorInfo(): http://php.net/manual/en/pdo.errorinfo.php
    List of SQLSTATE Codes: http://www-01.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSGU8G_11.70.0/com.ibm.sqls.doc/ids_sqs_0809.htm
    up
    4
    roberto at spadim dot com dot br
    18 years ago
    this function don't execute multi_query
    to get it see SQLITE_EXEC comments there is an pereg function that get all queries and execute all then an return the last one
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