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settype

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

settypeAffecte un type à une variable

Description

settype(mixed &$var, string $type): bool

Force le type de la variable var en type.

Liste de paramètres

var

La variable à convertir.

type

Les valeurs possibles pour le paramètre type sont :

  • "boolean" ou "bool"
  • "integer" ou "int"
  • "float" ou "double"
  • "string"
  • "array"
  • "object"
  • "null"

Valeurs de retour

Cette fonction retourne true en cas de succès ou false si une erreur survient.

Exemples

Exemple #1 Exemple avec settype()

<?php
$foo
= "5bar"; // chaîne
$bar = true; // booléen

settype($foo, "integer"); // $foo vaut maintenant 5 (integer)
settype($bar, "string"); // $bar vaut maintenant "1" (string)
?>

Notes

Note:

La valeur maximale des entiers est la valeur contenue dans la variable PHP_INT_MAX.

Voir aussi

add a note

User Contributed Notes 9 notes

up
74
Special Notes
12 years ago
Note that you can't use this to convert a string 'true' or 'false' to a boolean variable true or false as a string 'false' is a boolean true. The empty string would be false instead...

<?php
$var
= "true";
settype($var, 'bool');
var_dump($var); // true

$var = "false";
settype($var, 'bool');
var_dump($var); // true as well!

$var = "";
settype($var, 'bool');
var_dump($var); // false
?>
up
46
robin at barafranca dot com
16 years ago
Just a quick note, as this caught me out very briefly:

settype() returns bool, not the typecasted variable - so:

$blah = settype($blah, "int"); // is wrong, changes $blah to 0 or 1
settype($blah, "int"); // is correct

Hope this helps someone else who makes a mistake.. ;)
up
6
DarkMaster
3 years ago
<?php
/*
This example works 4x faster than settype() function in PHP-CGI 5.4.13 and
8x faster in PHP-CGI 7.1.3(x64) for windows
*/

$v = '12345';

$v = (int)$v;
$v = (string)$v;

?>
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18
sdibb at myway dot com
21 years ago
Using settype is not the best way to convert a string into an integer, since it will strip the string wherever the first non-numeric character begins. The function intval($string) does the same thing.

If you're looking for a security check, or to strip non-numeric characters (such as cleaning up phone numbers or ZIP codes), try this instead:

<?
$number=ereg_replace("[^0-9]","",$number);
?>
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10
nospamplease at veganismus dot ch
19 years ago
you must note that this function will not set the type permanently! the next time you set the value of that variable php will change its type as well.
up
1
geoffsmiths at hotmail dot com
4 years ago
Please note:

When using settype to convert indexed arrays to objects, the properties of the typed object will be integers:

A brief example:

$a = ['1', '2'];

settype($a, 'object');

var_dump($a);

// output
object(stdClass)#1 (2) {
["0"]=>
string(1) "1"
["1"]=>
string(1) "2"
}
up
1
matt at mattsoft dot net
18 years ago
using (int) insted of the settype function works out much better for me. I have always used it. I personally don't see where settype would ever come in handy.
up
0
Anonymous
5 years ago
If you attempt to convert the special $this variable from an instance method (only in classes) :
* PHP will silently return TRUE and leave $this unchanged if the type was 'bool', 'array', 'object' or 'NULL'
* PHP will generate an E_NOTICE if the type was 'int', 'float' or 'double', and $this will not be casted
* PHP will throw a catchable fatal error when the type is 'string' and the class does not define the __toString() method
Unless the new variable type passed as the second argument is invalid, settype() will return TRUE. In all cases the object will remain unchanged.
<?php
// This was tested with PHP 7.2
class Foo {
function
test() {
printf("%-20s %-20s %s\n", 'Type', 'Succeed?', 'Converted');

// settype() should throw a fatal error, as $this cannot be re-assigned
printf("%-20s %-20s %s\n", 'bool', settype($this, 'bool'), print_r($this, TRUE));
printf("%-20s %-20s %s\n", 'int', settype($this, 'int'), print_r($this, TRUE));
printf("%-20s %-20s %s\n", 'float', settype($this, 'float'), print_r($this));
printf("%-20s %-20s %s\n", 'array', settype($this, 'array'), print_r($this, TRUE));
printf("%-20s %-20s %s\n", 'object', settype($this, 'object'), print_r($this, TRUE));
printf("%-20s %-20s %s\n", 'unknowntype', settype($this, 'unknowntype'), print_r($this, TRUE));
printf("%-20s %-20s %s\n", 'NULL', settype($this, 'NULL'), print_r($this, TRUE));
printf("%-20s %-20s %s\n", 'string', settype($this, 'string'), print_r($this, TRUE));
}
}
$a = new Foo();
$a->test();
?>
Here is the result :
Type Succeed? Converted
bool 1 Foo Object
(
)

Notice: Object of class Foo could not be converted to int in C:\php\examples\oop-settype-this.php on line 9

int 1 Foo Object
(
)

Notice: Object of class Foo could not be converted to float in C:\php\examples\oop-settype-this.php on line 10

float 1 Foo Object
(
)

array 1 Foo Object
(
)

object 1 Foo Object
(
)

Warning: settype(): Invalid type in C:\php\examples\oop-settype-this.php on line 14

unknowntype Foo Object
(
)

NULL 1 Foo Object
(
)

Catchable fatal error: Object of class Foo could not be converted to string in C:\php\examples\oop-settype-this.php on line 15

If the class Foo implements __toString() :
<?php
class Foo {
// ...
function __toString() {
return
'Foo object is awesome!';
}
// ...
}
?>
So the first code snippet will not generate an E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR, but instead print the same string as for the other types, and not look at the one returned by the __toString() method.

Hope this helps ! :)
up
0
ns at canada dot com
24 years ago
This settype() behaviour seems consistent to me. Quoting two sections from the manual:

"When casting from a scalar or a string variable to an array, the variable will become the first element of the array: "
<pre>
2 $var = 'ciao';
3 $arr = (array) $var;
4 echo $arr[0]; // outputs 'ciao'
</pre>

And if (like your code above) you do a settype on an empty variable, you'll end up with a one element array with an empty (not unset!) first element. So appeanding to it will start appending at index 1. As for why reset() doesn't do anything:

"When you assign a value to an array variable using empty brackets, the value will be added onto the end of the array."

It doesn't matter where the array counter is; values are added at the end, not at the counter.
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