openssl_verify

(PHP 4 >= 4.0.4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

openssl_verify — 署名を検証する

説明

openssl_verify() は、 public_key が指す公開鍵を使用し、指定した data に関して signature が正しいことを確認します。署名が正しいと判定されるためには、その公開鍵が署名の際に使用した秘密鍵に対応している必要があります。

パラメータ

data

署名を作成するときに使ったデータの文字列。

signature

生のバイナリ文字列。openssl_sign() もしくはそれと同等の手段を使って生成したもの。

public_key

OpenSSLAsymmetricKey - openssl_get_publickey() が返す鍵。

string - PEM フォーマットの鍵 (例: -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- MIIBCgK... など)。

algorithm

int - いずれかの署名アルゴリズム。

string - openssl_get_md_methods() が返す文字列 ("sha1WithRSAEncryption" や "sha512" など)。

戻り値

署名 (signature) が正しい場合に 1、正しくない場合に 0、エラーの場合に -1 または false を返します。

変更履歴

バージョン	説明
8.0.0	`public_key` は、 OpenSSLAsymmetricKey または OpenSSLCertificate クラスのインスタンスを受け入れるようになりました。これより前のバージョンでは、 `OpenSSL key` または `OpenSSL X.509` 型のリソースを受け入れていました。

例

例1 openssl_verify() の例

<?php
// $data および $signature はデータおよび署名が含まれていると仮定

// 認証局から公開鍵を取得し、使用可能にする
$pubkeyid = openssl_pkey_get_public("file://src/openssl-0.9.6/demos/sign/cert.pem");

// 署名が正しいかどうかを確認
$ok = openssl_verify($data, $signature, $pubkeyid);
if ($ok == 1) {
    echo "正しいです";
} elseif ($ok == 0) {
    echo "正しくありません";
} else {
    echo "署名を確認する際にエラーが発生しました";
}
// メモリからキーを開放
openssl_free_key($pubkeyid);
?>

例2 openssl_verify() の例

<?php
// 署名したいデータ
$data = 'my data';

// 新しい秘密鍵と公開鍵を作成
$private_key_res = openssl_pkey_new(array(
    "private_key_bits" => 2048,
    "private_key_type" => OPENSSL_KEYTYPE_RSA,
));
$details = openssl_pkey_get_details($private_key_res);
$public_key_res = openssl_pkey_get_public($details['key']);

// 署名を作成
openssl_sign($data, $signature, $private_key_res, "sha256WithRSAEncryption");

// 署名を検証
$ok = openssl_verify($data, $signature, $public_key_res, OPENSSL_ALGO_SHA256);
if ($ok == 1) {
    echo "valid";
} elseif ($ok == 0) {
    echo "invalid";
} else {
    echo "error: ".openssl_error_string();
}
?>

参考

openssl_sign() - 署名を生成する

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User Contributed Notes 8 notes

down

Stiv ¶

18 years ago

I've finally found a way to verify signature. Sample in the documentation doesn't work. Code bellow DOES work :)

<?php
// $data is assumed to contain the data to be signed

// fetch certificate from file and ready it
$fp = fopen("path/file.pem", "r");
$cert = fread($fp, 8192);
fclose($fp);

// state whether signature is okay or not
// use the certificate, not the public key
$ok = openssl_verify($data, $signature, $cert);
if ($ok == 1) {
    echo "good";
} elseif ($ok == 0) {
    echo "bad";
} else {
    echo "ugly, error checking signature";
}
?>

down

mikey at badpenguins dot com ¶

14 years ago

I spent days scouring the php openssl documentation trying to figure out how to do what sounds like a simple task - given two PEM encoded certificates, is one the signer of the other?  Nowhere in the openssl_verify() documentation or comments is it explained where to obtain the signature of an existing certificate.  The openssl_x509_parse() function looked promising, but it is an unstable API that may change.

I had to write my own code to determine if one cert signed another, it is located here: http://badpenguins.com/source/misc/isCertSigner.php?viewSource

In a nutshell here is what I learned...

The signature data in a signed X.509 certificate contains DER formatted data about the signature that is encrypted with the signers public key.  The data contains a hash of the original subject certificate and information about what encryption algorithm was used to create the signature.

So you need to get this signature data and a copy of the original certificate with the issuer and signature sequences removed.  Hash a copy of the original certificate (sans issuer/signature sequences) with the same algorithm the issuer used and if the hashes match, you have the issuer cert that signed the certificate.

down

meint dot post at bigfoot dot com ¶

23 years ago

Anbybody trying to get a Win32 CryptoAPI based digital signature component to work with the openssl_verify() function should be aware that the CryptoAPI PKCS1 (RSA) method uses bytes in reverse order while the openssl_verify() method expects a correctly formatted PKCS1 digital signature (as should be). I learned this the hard way and it took me some time to dig this out. A simple solution in VBScript to reverse the byte order:



N = Len(Blob.Hex)



' reverse bytes in the signature using Hex format 

For i = 1 To N - 1 Step 2 

    s = Mid(Blob, i, 2) & s 

Next 



s contains the digital signature in reverse order. Blob is an arbitrary binary container.



Send the signature off in Hex format and use a hex2bin method in PHP to convert to the correct format for openssl_verify(), i.e.



function hex2bin($data) {



    $len = strlen($data);

    return pack("H" . $len, $data);



} 



That's it, hope it helps out. BTW I used ASPEncrypt to toy around with on Win32 platform. Works only with Internet Explorer but you could also use a Java applet and have none of the abovementioned problems :-)

down

peter dot labos at gmail dot com ¶

6 years ago

openssl_verify() is populating openssl_error_string() even on false. 

When openssl_verify() returns 0, openssl_error_string() is populated with 1.
I spent lot of time to understand, while my next call to openssl was failing with checks for error.

<?php
$c = file_get_contents($filename);
$publicKey = openssl_pkey_get_public($c);
$result = openssl_verify('freedom', 'someirrelevantnosign', $publicKey);

$error = "";

while ($msg = openssl_error_string() !== false) {
    $error .= $msg;
}

if (!empty($error)) {
    echo $error; // 1
}

down

steve dot venable at lmco dot com ¶

22 years ago

A note about the openssl_verify() (and some of the other functions).  The public key comes from a certificate in any of the support formats (as the example shows, use openssl_get_publickey() to get the resource id).  But after some trial and error I found the signature string MUST BE BINARY.  While no error occurs, passing a base64-formatted signature string (PEM format?), you simply get a mismatch.  When I did the base64 decode myself, the verify returned a match (return value 1).  You can simply drop the begin/end lines and take the output of the 'base64_decode()' function.

down

phpdev at fpierrat dot fr ¶

3 years ago

As stated from the doc: "Returns 1 if the signature is correct, 0 if it is incorrect, and -1 or false on error. "

In the second example as a well as in Stiv's note, following condition will match for both 0 or false, which have different meaning:
elseif ($ok == 0) {
    echo "bad";
}

On should do an identical test here (===) instead of an equal test (==):
elseif ($ok === 0) {
    echo "bad";
}
---
var_dump(0==false); //==> true
var_dump(0===false);//==> false

down

attila dot m dot magyar at gmail dot com ¶

10 years ago

mikey at badpenguins dot com -- validating an X509 certificate chain in php seems to be possible with openssl_x509_checkpurpose()

down

jeremie dot gomez at gmail dot com ¶

13 years ago

You can actually use the public key as third parameter and not the certificate.

If you can't make it work, make sure that :

1) Your public key is well formatted. It seems that it must have the ----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY---- and ----END PUBLIC KEY----

2) Your signature is in binary format. You can use the php base64_decode for this.

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