see http://php.net/manual/en/features.file-upload.post-method.php for documentation of the $_FILES array, which is what I came to this page for in the first place.
(PHP 4 >= 4.1.0, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)
$_FILES — HTTP ファイルアップロード変数
HTTP POST メソッドで現在のスクリプトにアップロードされた項目の連想配列です。 この配列の構造については POST メソッドによるアップロード を参照ください。
注意:
これは 'スーパーグローバル' あるいは自動グローバル変数と呼ばれるものです。 スクリプト全体を通してすべてのスコープで使用することができます。 関数やメソッドの内部で使用する場合にも global $variable; とする必要はありません。
see http://php.net/manual/en/features.file-upload.post-method.php for documentation of the $_FILES array, which is what I came to this page for in the first place.If you are looking for the $_FILES['error'] code explanations, be sure to read:
Handling File Uploads - Error Messages Explained
http://www.php.net/manual/en/features.file-upload.errors.phpError code returned in $_FILES['userfile']['error'].
■UPLOAD_ERROR_OK, value 0, means no error occurred.
■ UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE, value 1, means that the size of the uploaded file exceeds the
maximum value specified in your php.ini file with the upload_max_filesize directive.
■ UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE, value 2, means that the size of the uploaded file exceeds the
maximum value specified in the HTML form in the MAX_FILE_SIZE element.
■ UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL, value 3, means that the file was only partially uploaded.
■ UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE, value 4, means that no file was uploaded.
■ UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR, value 6, means that no temporary directory is specified in the
php.ini.
■ UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE, value 7, means that writing the file to disk failed.
■ UPLOAD_ERR_EXTENSION, value 8, means that a PHP extension stopped the file upload
process.A nice trick to reorder the $_FILES array when you use a input name as array is:
<?php
function diverse_array($vector) {
$result = array();
foreach($vector as $key1 => $value1)
foreach($value1 as $key2 => $value2)
$result[$key2][$key1] = $value2;
return $result;
}
?>
will transform this:
array(1) {
["upload"]=>array(2) {
["name"]=>array(2) {
[0]=>string(9)"file0.txt"
[1]=>string(9)"file1.txt"
}
["type"]=>array(2) {
[0]=>string(10)"text/plain"
[1]=>string(10)"text/html"
}
}
}
into:
array(1) {
["upload"]=>array(2) {
[0]=>array(2) {
["name"]=>string(9)"file0.txt"
["type"]=>string(10)"text/plain"
},
[1]=>array(2) {
["name"]=>string(9)"file1.txt"
["type"]=>string(10)"text/html"
}
}
}
just do:
<?php $upload = diverse_array($_FILES["upload"]); ?>The format of this array is (assuming your form has two input type=file fields named "file1", "file2", etc):
Array
(
[file1] => Array
(
[name] => MyFile.txt (comes from the browser, so treat as tainted)
[type] => text/plain (not sure where it gets this from - assume the browser, so treat as tainted)
[tmp_name] => /tmp/php/php1h4j1o (could be anywhere on your system, depending on your config settings, but the user has no control, so this isn't tainted)
[error] => UPLOAD_ERR_OK (= 0)
[size] => 123 (the size in bytes)
)
[file2] => Array
(
[name] => MyFile.jpg
[type] => image/jpeg
[tmp_name] => /tmp/php/php6hst32
[error] => UPLOAD_ERR_OK
[size] => 98174
)
)
Last I checked (a while ago now admittedly), if you use array parameters in your forms (that is, form names ending in square brackets, like several file fields called "download[file1]", "download[file2]" etc), then the array format becomes... interesting.
Array
(
[download] => Array
(
[name] => Array
(
[file1] => MyFile.txt
[file2] => MyFile.jpg
)
[type] => Array
(
[file1] => text/plain
[file2] => image/jpeg
)
[tmp_name] => Array
(
[file1] => /tmp/php/php1h4j1o
[file2] => /tmp/php/php6hst32
)
[error] => Array
(
[file1] => UPLOAD_ERR_OK
[file2] => UPLOAD_ERR_OK
)
[size] => Array
(
[file1] => 123
[file2] => 98174
)
)
)
So you'd need to access the error param of file1 as, eg $_Files['download']['error']['file1']A note of security: Don't ever trust $_FILES["image"]["type"]. It takes whatever is sent from the browser, so don't trust this for the image type. I recommend using finfo_open (http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.finfo-open.php) to verify the MIME type of a file. It will parse the MAGIC in the file and return it's type...this can be trusted (you can also use the "file" program on Unix, but I would refrain from ever making a System call with your PHP code...that's just asking for problems).this is frustrating that the explanations redirected by anchors are providing unsufficient information or even worst is provide nothing. instead, looking for people to make the resources locale, you MUST provide approprate documentation for everybody.In checking the error code, you probably ought to check for code 4. I believe Code 4 means no file was uploaded, and there are many instances where that's perfectly OK.
Such as when you have a form with multiple data items, including file and image uploads, plus whatever else. The user might not be adding a new upload for whatever reason, such as there may already be a file in the system from an earlier update, and the user is satisfied with that.Here's a function that I have used to get a nice simple array of all incoming files from a page. It basically just flattens the $FILES array. This function works on many file inputs on the page and also if the inputs are '<input type="file[]" multiple>'. Note that this function loses the file input names (I usually process the files just by type).
<?php
function incoming_files() {
$files = $_FILES;
$files2 = [];
foreach ($files as $input => $infoArr) {
$filesByInput = [];
foreach ($infoArr as $key => $valueArr) {
if (is_array($valueArr)) { // file input "multiple"
foreach($valueArr as $i=>$value) {
$filesByInput[$i][$key] = $value;
}
}
else { // -> string, normal file input
$filesByInput[] = $infoArr;
break;
}
}
$files2 = array_merge($files2,$filesByInput);
}
$files3 = [];
foreach($files2 as $file) { // let's filter empty & errors
if (!$file['error']) $files3[] = $file;
}
return $files3;
}
$tmpFiles = incoming_files();
?>
will transform this:
Array
(
[files1] => Array
(
[name] => facepalm.jpg
[type] => image/jpeg
[tmp_name] => /tmp/php3zU3t5
[error] => 0
[size] => 31059
)
[files2] => Array
(
[name] => Array
(
[0] => facepalm2.jpg
[1] => facepalm3.jpg
)
[type] => Array
(
[0] => image/jpeg
[1] => image/jpeg
)
[tmp_name] => Array
(
[0] => /tmp/phpJutmOS
[1] => /tmp/php9bNI8F
)
[error] => Array
(
[0] => 0
[1] => 0
)
[size] => Array
(
[0] => 78085
[1] => 61429
)
)
)
into this:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[name] => facepalm.jpg
[type] => image/jpeg
[tmp_name] => /tmp/php3zU3t5
[error] => 0
[size] => 31059
)
[1] => Array
(
[name] => facepalm2.jpg
[type] => image/jpeg
[tmp_name] => /tmp/phpJutmOS
[error] => 0
[size] => 78085
)
[2] => Array
(
[name] => facepalm3.jpg
[type] => image/jpeg
[tmp_name] => /tmp/php9bNI8F
[error] => 0
[size] => 61429
)
)Best way to check if $_FILES is empty or not is to check if the name of the index 0 is set.
<?php
if ($_FILES['fieldname']['name'][0] != ""){
//Code goes here!
}
?>For quick debugging (eg. var_dump($_FILES);), these are the values of the error constants. Obviously don't use these for comparison in real code.
UPLOAD_ERR_OK: 0
UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE: 1
UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE: 2
UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR: 6
UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE: 7
UPLOAD_ERR_EXTENSION: 8
UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL: 3Nontypicall array comes in php after the submission.I wrote a small function to restate it to the familiar look.
<?php
function multiple(array $_files, $top = TRUE)
{
$files = array();
foreach($_files as $name=>$file){
if($top) $sub_name = $file['name'];
else $sub_name = $name;
if(is_array($sub_name)){
foreach(array_keys($sub_name) as $key){
$files[$name][$key] = array(
'name' => $file['name'][$key],
'type' => $file['type'][$key],
'tmp_name' => $file['tmp_name'][$key],
'error' => $file['error'][$key],
'size' => $file['size'][$key],
);
$files[$name] = multiple($files[$name], FALSE);
}
}else{
$files[$name] = $file;
}
}
return $files;
}
print_r($_FILES);
/*
Array
(
[image] => Array
(
[name] => Array
(
[0] => 400.png
)
[type] => Array
(
[0] => image/png
)
[tmp_name] => Array
(
[0] => /tmp/php5Wx0aJ
)
[error] => Array
(
[0] => 0
)
[size] => Array
(
[0] => 15726
)
)
)
*/
$files = multiple($_FILES);
print_r($files);
/*
Array
(
[image] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[name] => 400.png
[type] => image/png
[tmp_name] => /tmp/php5Wx0aJ
[error] => 0
[size] => 15726
)
)
)
*/
?>If $_FILES is empty, even when uploading, try adding enctype="multipart/form-data" to the form tag and make sure you have file uploads turned on.For some reason when I tried to check if $_FILES['myVarName'] was empty() or !isset() or array_key_exists(), it always came back that the file was indeed in the superglobal, even when nothing was uploaded.
I wonder if this is a result of enctype="multipart/form-data".
Anyways, I solved my issue by checking to make sure that $_FILES['myVarName']['size'] > 0In the past you could unconditionally call $_FILES['profile_pic'] without ever having to worry about PHP spitting an "Undefined index: profile_pic" error (so long as the page posting had a file input on it (e.g. <input type="file" name="profile_pic" />)). This was the case regardless of whether or not the end user actually uploaded a file. These days, with so many people browsing the web via iPads, you have to explicitly check to see if the input isset($_FILES['profile_pic']) before calling into it, else you'll get the aforementioned error message. This is because iOS devices running Safari disable file inputs thereby causing them to be treated as if they don't exist. Time to update your scripts!
-johnThe attached "new FILES_flattened" class flattens the $_FILES array, for any combination of "single" files, multi-file arrays with given indices [i] or multi-file array with [] indices, even multi-level multi-file arrays [i][j]...[n].
An additional element "pos" in the flattened array will hold the "node path" for each file of a multi-file array, e.g. 'pos' => [ i, j ], so that it can be used for proper disposition of the file in database array, or for creating automated names that append each index level.
Most importantly, the HTML input "name" property and all other information remains fully intact.
HTML <form> snippet:
<input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="2500000" title="Permitted bytes per file." />
<input type="file" name="pictures[4]" accept="image/*"/>
<input type="file" name="thumb" accept="image/*" />
<input type="file" name="pictures[]" accept="image/*" />
<input type="file" name="pictures[10][5]" accept="image/*" />
<input type="file" name="pictures[17]" accept="image/*" />
Result :
A flat array, one element per <input> field, each will have this structure:
...
'pictures' => array (size=6)
'name' => 'ClientFilename.jpg'
'type' => 'image/jpeg' (
'tmp_name' => '...\php8D2C.tmp'
'error' => 0
'size' => 1274994
'pos' => array (size=2)
0 => 10
1 => 5
...
with nothing more than a simple foreach:
<?php
foreach( new RecursiveIteratorIterator( new FILES_flattened ) as $key => $data ) {
var_dump( $key, $data );
// Here's how to use the "pos" element, to generate an automated name
// that incorporates the "node path", e.g. "picture[10][5]"
echo $key.( empty( $data[ 'pos' ] ) ? '' : '['. implode( '][', $data[ 'pos' ] ) . ']' );
}Good normalized the $_FILES array so
function getRequestFiles()
{
$result = array();
if (is_array($_FILES)) {
foreach($_FILES as $name => $fileArray) {
$row = array();
foreach ($fileArray as $key => &$data) {
findNoArrayElementAndReplace($data, $key);
$row = array_merge_recursive($row, $data);
}
$result[$name] = $row;
}
}
return $result;
}
function findNoArrayElementAndReplace(&$array, $key)
{
if (is_array($array)) {
foreach ($array as &$item) {
findNoArrayElementAndReplace($item, $key);
}
} else {
$array = array(
$key => $array
);
}
}For situation download[file1], download[file2], ..., download[fileN], try it:
<?php
/**
*
* @param array $arrayForFill
* @param string $currentKey
* @param mixed $currentMixedValue
* @param string $fileDescriptionParam (name, type, tmp_name, error или size)
* @return void
*/
function rRestructuringFilesArray(&$arrayForFill, $currentKey, $currentMixedValue, $fileDescriptionParam)
{
if (is_array($currentMixedValue)) {
foreach ($currentMixedValue as $nameKey => $mixedValue) {
rRestructuringFilesArray($arrayForFill[$currentKey],
$nameKey,
$mixedValue,
$fileDescriptionParam);
}
} else {
$arrayForFill[$currentKey][$fileDescriptionParam] = $currentMixedValue;
}
}
$arrayForFill = array();
foreach ($_FILES as $firstNameKey => $arFileDescriptions) {
foreach ($arFileDescriptions as $fileDescriptionParam => $mixedValue) {
rRestructuringFilesArray($arrayForFill,
$firstNameKey,
$_FILES[$firstNameKey][$fileDescriptionParam],
$fileDescriptionParam);
}
}
$_FILES = $arrayForFill;
?>You can check error index this way:
<?php
$errorIndex = $_FILES["file"]["error"];
if ($errorIndex > 0) {
die('We have a error. Try Again.');
}
processFile();
?>THis is an solution to convert Cyrillic and umlaut characters as file name when uplaoding files into needed encoding. Was searching for it but could not find. Thus posting this. Just like this:
$value = mb_convert_encoding($value, "UTF-8");I realize there are a number of posts here for reformating the php $_FILES array, but they don't handle all cases. This handles the single case, the multiple file case, and even submitting multiple file arrays. This way no matter what, before ever touching the files array I call this regardless of what it might be:
<?php
/**
* This is to fix the odd files array PHP creates when a file input has a name that's php array:
* eg: <file name="model[column]" value='file1'> <file name="model[column2][]" value='file2'>
* becomes: $_FILES['model']['name'][column] = file1_name.xxx
* $_FILES['model']['name'][column2][0] = file2_name.xxx
*
* this changes it to:
* $files['model'][column]['name'] = file1_name.xxx
* $files['model'][column2][0]['name'] = file2_name.xxx
*
* This way the file data is grouped together as expected and as it does with a non-array type name attribute
*/
static public function multi_file_fix($files = null)
{
if ($files == null) {
$files = (is_array($_FILES)) ? $_FILES : array();
}
//make there there is a file, and see if the first item is also an array
$new_files = array();
foreach ($files as $name => $attributes) {
if (is_array(reset($attributes))) { //check first item
foreach ($attributes as $attribute => $item) { //array file submit, eg name="model[file]"
foreach ($item as $key => $value) {
if (is_array($value)) {
foreach ($value as $key2 => $sub_val) { // multi-array file submit, eg name="model[file][]"
$new_files[$name][$key][$key2][$attribute] = $sub_val;
}
} else {
$new_files[$name][$key][$attribute] = $value;
}
}
}
} else { // regular file submit, eg name="file"
$new_files[$name] = $attributes;
}
}
return $new_files;
}
//Usage:
$files = multi_file_fix($_FILES);
?>I normalized the $_FILES array to
[doc] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[name] => testfile.txt
[type] => application/octet-stream
[tmp_name] => /tmp/php6wHXmC
[error] => 0
[size] => 4
)
[affe] => Array
(
[name] => testfile.txt
[type] => application/octet-stream
[tmp_name] => /tmp/phpfiHK2e
[error] => 0
[size] => 4
)
)
<?php
function getFiles() {
$result = array();
foreach($_FILES as $name => $fileArray) {
if (is_array($fileArray['name'])) {
foreach ($fileArray as $attrib => $list) {
foreach ($list as $index => $value) {
$result[$name][$index][$attrib]=$value;
}
}
} else {
$result[$name][] = $fileArray;
}
}
return $result;
}
?>
So yo have always the same structure, even if you post one ore more files:
<?php
//single file
$request->addFileFromLocalFilePath('doc','testfile.txt');
// multiple files
$request->addFileFromLocalFilePath('doc[0]','testfile.txt');
$request->addFileFromLocalFilePath('doc[affe]','testfile.txt');
foreach ($request->getFiles() as $fieldName => $files) {
foreach ($files as $index => $fileArray) {
echo $fileArray['tmp_name'];
}
}
?>I've written this function to restructure deeply nested $_FILES arrays, so that the parameters for each file are grouped together.
function restructure_files(array $input)
{
$output = [];
foreach ($input as $name => $array) {
foreach ($array as $field => $value) {
$pointer = &$output[$name];
if (!is_array($value)) {
$pointer[$field] = $value;
continue;
}
$stack = [&$pointer];
$iterator = new \RecursiveIteratorIterator(
new \RecursiveArrayIterator($value),
\RecursiveIteratorIterator::SELF_FIRST
);
foreach ($iterator as $key => $value) {
array_splice($stack, $iterator->getDepth() + 1);
$pointer = &$stack[count($stack) - 1];
$pointer = &$pointer[$key];
$stack[] = &$pointer;
if (!$iterator->hasChildren()) {
$pointer[$field] = $value;
}
}
}
}
return $output;
}
Turns this:
array (size=2)
'one' =>
array (size=5)
'name' =>
array (size=1)
'inner' =>
array (size=2)
11 => string 'DM4C2738.jpg' (length=12)
5 => string 'DM4C2760.jpg' (length=12)
'type' =>
array (size=1)
'inner' =>
array (size=2)
11 => string 'image/jpeg' (length=10)
5 => string 'image/jpeg' (length=10)
'tmp_name' =>
array (size=1)
'inner' =>
array (size=2)
11 => string '/private/var/tmp/phploOZRb' (length=26)
5 => string '/private/var/tmp/phpsFkmIh' (length=26)
'error' =>
array (size=1)
'inner' =>
array (size=2)
11 => int 0
5 => int 0
'size' =>
array (size=1)
'inner' =>
array (size=2)
11 => int 1031601
5 => int 674697
'two' =>
array (size=5)
'name' => string '9ncYySC.jpg' (length=11)
'type' => string 'image/jpeg' (length=10)
'tmp_name' => string '/private/var/tmp/phpuG99X9' (length=26)
'error' => int 0
'size' => int 882422
Into this:
array (size=2)
'one' =>
array (size=1)
'inner' =>
array (size=2)
11 =>
array (size=5)
'name' => string 'DM4C2738.jpg' (length=12)
'type' => string 'image/jpeg' (length=10)
'tmp_name' => string '/private/var/tmp/phploOZRb' (length=26)
'error' => int 0
'size' => int 1031601
5 =>
array (size=5)
'name' => string 'DM4C2760.jpg' (length=12)
'type' => string 'image/jpeg' (length=10)
'tmp_name' => string '/private/var/tmp/phpsFkmIh' (length=26)
'error' => int 0
'size' => int 674697
'two' =>
array (size=5)
'name' => string '9ncYySC.jpg' (length=11)
'type' => string 'image/jpeg' (length=10)
'tmp_name' => string '/private/var/tmp/phpuG99X9' (length=26)
'error' => int 0
'size' => int 882422I just spent long time debugging strange behavior of one of our application on new webhosting. We have 30 file inputs on one page for upload to server. Problem was that only 20 was actually uploaded.
Now I found there is an option max_file_uploads in php.ini limiting maximum size of $_FILES to 20 by default.
When you have suhosin extension installed it has own option limiting same thing to 25 (suhosin.upload.max_uploads in php.ini)Others have posted about how the $_FILES array organizes data differently depending on whether the HTML input is a single or multiple type, so it seems to be a common enough problem. If for some reason you need to mix-and-match the types, or you're not sure which how many files you'll be expecting from a multiple input, this is a very useful way to reorganize the $_FILES array. Also, unlike some of the earlier posts, the formatting of the new array (i.e. the number of keys and values) is consistent.
<?php
// Reorganize $_FILES array information
$files = Array ();
$i = 0;
// Start with all inputs in $_FILES array
foreach ($_FILES as $input)
{
$j = 0;
foreach ($input as $property => $value)
{
if (is_array($value))
{
$j = count($value); // Number of iterations
for ($k = 0; $k < $j; ++$k)
{
$files[$i + $k][$property] = $value[$k];
}
}
else
{
$j = 1;
$files[$i][$property] = $value;
}
}
$i += $j;
}
?>
The results will look something like this:
$files = Array (
[0] => Array (
[name] => ''
[type] => ''
[tmp_name] => ''
[error] => 0
[size] => 0
)
)