Transliterator::transliterate

transliterator_transliterate

(PHP 5 >= 5.4.0, PHP 7, PHP 8, PECL intl >= 2.0.0)

Transliterator::transliterate -- transliterator_transliterate — 文字列を音訳する

説明

オブジェクト指向型

public Transliterator::transliterate(string $string, int $start = 0, int $end = -1): string|false

手続き型

transliterator_transliterate(
    Transliterator|string $transliterator,
    string $string,
    int $start = 0,
    int $end = -1
): string|false

文字列あるいはその一部をICU の音訳器を使って変換します。

パラメータ

transliterator: 手続き型の場合に、Transliterator あるいは Transliterator を作成できる文字列を指定します。
string: 変換する文字列。
start: 文字列の変換の開始位置を表すインデックス (UTF-16 コード単位) を指定します。指定した位置も、変換範囲に含まれます。インデックスは 0 から始まります。この位置より前にあるテキストは、そのまま残ります。
end: 文字列の変換の終了位置を表すインデックス (UTF-16 コード単位) を指定します。指定した位置は、変換範囲に含まれません。インデックスは 0 から始まります。この位置も含めてそれ以降にあるテキストは、そのまま残ります。

戻り値

成功した場合に変換後の文字列を返します。失敗した場合に false を返します。

例

例1 エスケープされた UTF-16 コード単位の変換

<?php
$s = "\u304A\u65E9\u3046\u3054\u3056\u3044\u307E\u3059";
echo transliterator_transliterate("Hex-Any/Java", $s), "\n";

//now the reverse operation with a supplementary character
$supplChar = html_entity_decode('&#x1D11E;');
echo mb_strlen($supplChar, "UTF-8"), "\n";
$encSupplChar = transliterator_transliterate("Any-Hex/Java", $supplChar);
//echoes two encoded UTF-16 code units
echo $encSupplChar, "\n";
//and back
echo transliterator_transliterate("Hex-Any/Java", $encSupplChar), "\n";
?>

上の例の出力は、たとえば以下のようになります。

お早うございます
1
\uD834\uDD1E
𝄞

参考

Transliterator::getErrorMessage() - 直近のエラーメッセージを取得する
Transliterator::__construct() - インスタンス化を拒否するために private にしたコンストラクタ

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User Contributed Notes 5 notes

down

simonsimcity at gmail dot com ¶

11 years ago

I pretty much like the idea of hdogan, but there's at least one group of characters he's missing: ligature characters.
They're at least used in Norwegian and I read something about French, too ... Some are just used for styling (f.e. ﬁ)

Here's an example that supports all characters (should at least, according to the documentation):
<?php
var_dump(transliterator_transliterate('Any-Latin; Latin-ASCII; Lower()', "A æ Übérmensch på høyeste nivå! И я люблю PHP! ﬁ"));
// string(41) "a ae ubermensch pa hoyeste niva! i a lublu php! fi"
?>

In this example any character will firstly be converted to a latin character. If that's finished, replace all latin characters by their ASCII replacement.

down

simonsimcity at gmail dot com ¶

10 years ago

Sorry, for posting it again, but I found a bug in my code:

If you have a character, like the cyrillic ь (a soft-sign - no sound), the "Any-Latin" would translate it to a prime-character, and the "Latin-ASCII" doesn't touch prime-characters. Therefore I added an option to remove all characters, that are higher than \u0100.

Here's my new code, including an example:

var_dump(transliterator_transliterate('Any-Latin; Latin-ASCII; [\u0100-\u7fff] remove',
    "A æ Übérmensch på høyeste nivå! И я люблю PHP! есть. ﬁ"));
// string(50) "A ae Ubermensch pa hoyeste niva! I a lublu PHP! est. fi"

Another approach, I found quite helpful (if you by no way want to remove characters ...), try to use iconv() in addition. This surely will just return ASCII characters.

See: http://stackoverflow.com/a/3542748/517914

Also an example here:

var_dump(iconv("UTF-8", "ASCII//TRANSLIT//IGNORE", transliterator_transliterate('Any-Latin; Latin-ASCII',
    "A æ Übérmensch på høyeste nivå! И я люблю PHP! есть. ﬁ"));
// string(50) "A ae Ubermensch pa hoyeste niva! I a lublu PHP! est'. fi"

down

hdogan at gmail dot com ¶

12 years ago

You can create slugs easily with:

<?php
function slugify($string) {
    $string = transliterator_transliterate("Any-Latin; NFD; [:Nonspacing Mark:] Remove; NFC; [:Punctuation:] Remove; Lower();", $string);
    $string = preg_replace('/[-\s]+/', '-', $string);
    return trim($string, '-');
}

echo slugify("Я люблю PHP!");
?>

down

-2

Anonymous ¶

8 years ago

There are some possibly undesirable conversions with ASCII//TRANSLIT//IGNORE or your users may require some custom stuff.

You might want to run a substitution up front for certain things, such as when you want 3 letter ISO codes to replace currency symbols. £ transliterates to "lb", for example, which is incorrect since it's a currency symbol, not a weight symbol (#). 

ASCII//TRANSLIT//IGNORE does a great job within the realm of possibility :-)

When it doesn't do something you want it to, you can set up a CSV with one replacement per line and run a function like:

    function stripByMap($inputString, $mapFile)
    {
        $csv = file($mapFile);
        foreach($csv as $line)
        {
            $arrLine = explode(',', trim($line));
            $inputString = str_replace($arrLine[0],$arrLine[1],$inputString);
        }
        return $inputString;
    }

or you can write some regexes. Transliterating using ASCII//TRANSLIT//IGNORE  works so well that your map probably won't be very long...

down

-5

jinmoku at hotmail dot com ¶

13 years ago

OOP version :

<?php
$str = 'àáâãäçèéêëìíîïñòóôõöùúûüýÿ
ÀÁÂÃÄÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÑÒÓÔÕÖÙÚÛÜÝ';
$rule = 'NFD; [:Nonspacing Mark:] Remove; NFC';

$myTrans = Transliterator::create($rule); 
echo $myTrans->transliterate($str);
 
//aaaaaceeeeiiiinooooouuuuyy
//AAAAACEEEEIIIINOOOOOUUUUY
?>

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