strstr

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

strstr — 查找字符串的首次出现

说明

strstr(string $haystack, string $needle, bool $before_needle = false): string|false

返回 haystack 字符串从 needle 第一次出现的位置开始到 haystack 结尾的字符串。

注意:
该函数区分大小写。如果想要不区分大小写，请使用 stristr()。

注意:
如果只需要确定特定的 needle 是否存在于 haystack 中，应该使用更快且更少占用内存的 str_contains() 函数。

参数

haystack

输入字符串。

needle

要搜索的字符串。

Prior to PHP 8.0.0, if needle is not a string, it is converted to an integer and applied as the ordinal value of a character. This behavior is deprecated as of PHP 7.3.0, and relying on it is highly discouraged. Depending on the intended behavior, the needle should either be explicitly cast to string, or an explicit call to chr() should be performed.

before_needle

若为 true，strstr() 将返回 needle 在 haystack 中的位置之前的部分。

返回值

返回字符串的一部分或者 false（如果未发现 needle）。

更新日志

版本	说明
8.0.0	`needle` 现在接受空字符串。
8.0.0	不再支持传递 int 作为 `needle`。
7.3.0	弃用传递 int 作为 `needle`。

示例

示例 #1 strstr() 示例

<?php
$email  = 'name@example.com';
$domain = strstr($email, '@');
echo $domain; // 打印 @example.com

$user = strstr($email, '@', true);
echo $user; // 打印 name
?>

参见

preg_match() - 执行匹配正则表达式
stristr() - strstr 函数的忽略大小写版本
strpos() - 查找字符串首次出现的位置
strrchr() - 查找指定字符在字符串中的最后一次出现
substr() - 返回字符串的子串

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＋添加备注

用户贡献的备注 8 notes

down

laszlo dot heredy at gmail dot com ¶

11 years ago

strstr() is not a way to avoid type-checking with strpos().

If $needle is the last character in $haystack, and testing $needle as a boolean by itself would evaluate to false, then testing strstr() as a boolean will evaluate to false (because, if successful, strstr() returns the first occurrence of $needle along with the rest of $haystack).

<?php
findZero('01234');  // found a zero
findZero('43210');  // did not find a zero
findZero('0');      // did not find a zero
findZero('00');     // found a zero
findZero('000');    // found a zero
findZero('10');     // did not find a zero
findZero('100');    // found a zero

function findZero($numberString) {
    if (strstr($numberString, '0')) {
        echo 'found a zero';
    } else {
        echo 'did not find a zero';
    }
}
?>

Also, strstr() is far more memory-intensive than strpos(), especially with longer strings as your $haystack, so if you are not interested in the substring that strstr() returns, you shouldn't be using it anyway. 

There is no PHP function just to check only _if_ $needle occurs in $haystack; strpos() tells you if it _doesn't_ by returning false, but, if it does occur, it tells you _where_ it occurs as an integer, which is 0 (zero) if $needle is the first part of $haystack, which is why testing if (strpos($needle, $haystack)===false) is the only way to know for sure if $needle is not part of $haystack.

My advice is to start loving type checking immediately, and to familiarize yourself with the return value of the functions you are using.

Cheers.

down

Julian Egelstaff ¶

1 year ago

Lookout for logic inversion in old code!



In PHP 8, if the needle is an empty string, this function will return 0 (not false), implying the first character of the string matches the needle. Before PHP 8, it would return false when the needle is an empty string.



There other string functions that are affected by similar issues in PHP 8: strpos(), strrpos(), stripos(), strripos(), strchr(), strrchr(), stristr(), and this function, strstr()



If you are checking if the return value === false then you will be misled by this new behaviour. You also need to check if the needle was an empty string. Basically, something like this:



<?php

$result = $needle ? strstr($haystack, $needle) : false;

?>

down

Gevorg Melkumyan ¶

3 years ago

Don't confuse this function with strtr ) I lost like 1 hour on that

down

xslidian at lidian dot info ¶

11 years ago

For those in need of the last occurrence of a string:

<?php
function strrstr($h, $n, $before = false) {
    $rpos = strrpos($h, $n);
    if($rpos === false) return false;
    if($before == false) return substr($h, $rpos);
    else return substr($h, 0, $rpos);
}
?>

down

gruessle at gmail dot com ¶

13 years ago

Been using this for years:

<?php
/**
*
* @author : Dennis T Kaplan
*
* @version : 1.0
* Date : June 17, 2007
* Function : reverse strstr()
* Purpose : Returns part of haystack string from start to the first occurrence of needle
* $haystack = 'this/that/whatever';
* $result = rstrstr($haystack, '/')
* $result == this
*
* @access public
* @param string $haystack, string $needle
* @return string
**/

function rstrstr($haystack,$needle)
    {
        return substr($haystack, 0,strpos($haystack, $needle));
    }
?>

You could change it to:
rstrstr ( string $haystack , mixed $needle [, int $start] )
<?php

function rstrstr($haystack,$needle, $start=0)
    {
        return substr($haystack, $start,strpos($haystack, $needle));
    }

?>

down

w3b_monk3y at yahoo dot com ¶

15 years ago

If you want to emulate strstr's new before_needle parameter pre 5.3 strtok is faster than using strpos to find the needle and cutting with substr. The amount of difference varies with string size but strtok is always faster.

down

brett dot jr dot alton at gmail dot com ¶

17 years ago

For the needle_before (first occurance) parameter when using PHP 5.x or less, try:

<?php
$haystack = 'php-homepage-20071125.png';
$needle = '-';
$result = substr($haystack, 0, strpos($haystack, $needle)); // $result = php
?>

down

-3

trent dot renshaw at objectst dot com dot au ¶

9 years ago

> root at mantoru dot de

PHP makes this easy for you. When working with domain portion of email addresses, simply pass the return of strstr() to substr() and start at 1:

substr(strstr($haystack, '@'), 1);