If you need an easy way to convert an unix timestamp to a decimal julian day you can use:
$julianDay = $unixTimeStamp / 86400 + 2440587.5;
86400 is the number of seconds in a day;
2440587.5 is the julian day at 1/1/1970 0:00 UTC.
(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)
unixtojd — 将 Unix 时间戳转换为儒略日数
根据指定的 Unix timestamp （自 1970 年 1 月 1 日以来的秒数）返回儒略日数。如果没有指定时间戳则返回当前日期的儒略日数。
无论哪种方式，时间都被视为当地时间（不是 UTC）。
timestamp用于转换的 unix 时间戳。
int 类型的儒略日数， 或者在失败时返回 false。
| 版本 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| 8.0.0 |
timestamp 现在可以为 null。
|
If you need an easy way to convert an unix timestamp to a decimal julian day you can use:
$julianDay = $unixTimeStamp / 86400 + 2440587.5;
86400 is the number of seconds in a day;
2440587.5 is the julian day at 1/1/1970 0:00 UTC.Its clearly stated that this function returns the Julian Day, not Julian Day + time.
If you want the time with it you will have to do something like:
$t=time();
$jd=unixtojd($t)+($t%60*60*24)/60*60*24;unixtojd is slow.
Direct arithmetics calculations are faster and still coherent with original unixtojd.
Feel free to add a test on $timestamp to set it to time() when $timestamp is null.
function fast_unixtojd($timestamp){
return intval($timestamp / 86400 + 2440588);
}
$time = time();
$t_unixtojd = 0;
$t_fast_unixtojd = 0;
for ($t = $time - 240 * 3600; $t < $time; $t++) {
$time1 = microtime(true);
$a = unixtojd($t);
$time2 = microtime(true);
$b = fast_unixtojd($t);
$time3 = microtime(true);
if ($a != $b) {
echo "$a $b $t\n";
break;
}
$t_unixtojd += $time2 - $time1;
$t_fast_unixtojd += $time3 - $time2;
}
echo "unixtojd: $t_unixtojd sec\nfast_unixtojd: $t_fast_unixtojd sec\n";
unixtojd: 0.42854166030884 sec
fast_unixtojd: 0.13218021392822 secaccording to http://www.decimaltime.hynes.net/dates.html#jd and reading "X. Calendar Functions" on this side, it seems that php "jd" is precisely mean as "Chronological Julian Day" (should it be named cjd, and primarily strictly mentioned - isn't it?), used for covnersion between calendar systems. Than it's ok (but Incomplete manual is strongly confusing here IMHO).
Even that, cJD is adjusted to a local time, so... I am rather babeled now, so nothing else :-).This is unusable. Julian Day start at noon, not midnight. It's better to use Fabio solution (however there is a lurk problem with leap second).
<?php
function mmd($txt, $str_time) {
$t = strtotime($str_time);
$j = unixtojd($t);
$s = gmstrftime('%D %T %Z', $t);
$j_fabio = $t / 86400 + 2440587.5;
printf("${txt} => (%s) %s, %s U, %s J, or %s J<br>\n", $str_time, $s, $t, $j, $j_fabio);
}
//$xt = strtotime("1.1.1970 15:00.00 GMT");
$sam = "9.10.1995 02:00.01 GMT";
$spm = "9.10.1995 22:00.01 GMT";
// unixtojd for $spm returns 2450000 (OK), but for $sam returns 2450000 too! (it is wrong).
mmd("am", $sam); // should be 2449999 (+ 0.58334)
mmd("pm", $spm); // should be 2450000 (+ 0.41668)
?>
reference
unix time, and UTC, TAI, ntp, ... problems: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_time
Julian Date Converter: http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/JulianDate.html
history overview: http://parris.josh.com.au/humour/work/17Nov1858.shtmlAlso note that epoch is in UTC time (epoch is a specific point in time - epoch is not different for every time zone), so be aware of timezone complexities.