(PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)
mysqli::__construct -- mysqli::connect -- mysqli_connect — Open a new connection to the MySQL server
面向对象风格
$hostname = null,$username = null,$password = null,$database = null,$port = null,$socket = null$hostname = null,$username = null,$password = null,$database = null,$port = null,$socket = null过程化风格
$hostname = null,$username = null,$password = null,$database = null,$port = null,$socket = nullOpens a connection to the MySQL Server.
hostname
Can be either a host name or an IP address. When passing null, the value is retrieved from
mysqli.default_host.
When possible, pipes will be used instead of the TCP/IP protocol.
The TCP/IP protocol is used if a host name and port number are provided together e.g. localhost:3308.
Prepending host by p: opens a persistent connection.
mysqli_change_user() is automatically called on
connections opened from the connection pool.
username
The MySQL username or null to assume the username based on the
mysqli.default_user ini option.
password
The MySQL password or null to assume the password based on the
mysqli.default_pw ini option.
database
The default database to be used when performing queries or null.
port
The port number to attempt to connect to the MySQL server or null to assume the port based on the
mysqli.default_port ini option.
socket
The socket or named pipe that should be used or null to assume the socket based on the
mysqli.default_socket ini option.
注意:
Specifying the
socketparameter will not explicitly determine the type of connection to be used when connecting to the MySQL server. How the connection is made to the MySQL database is determined by thehostnameparameter.
mysqli_connect() returns an object which represents the connection to a MySQL Server,
或者在失败时返回 false.
mysqli::connect() returns true on success 或者在失败时返回 false.
Prior to PHP 8.1.0, returns null on success.
If mysqli error reporting is enabled (MYSQLI_REPORT_ERROR) and the requested operation fails,
a warning is generated. If, in addition, the mode is set to MYSQLI_REPORT_STRICT,
a mysqli_sql_exception is thrown instead.
| 版本 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| 8.1.0 |
mysqli::connect() now returns true instead of null on success.
|
| 7.4.0 | All parameters are now nullable. |
示例 #1 mysqli::__construct() example
面向对象风格
<?php
/* You should enable error reporting for mysqli before attempting to make a connection */
mysqli_report(MYSQLI_REPORT_ERROR | MYSQLI_REPORT_STRICT);
$mysqli = new mysqli('localhost', 'my_user', 'my_password', 'my_db');
/* Set the desired charset after establishing a connection */
$mysqli->set_charset('utf8mb4');
printf("Success... %s\n", $mysqli->host_info);过程化风格
<?php
/* You should enable error reporting for mysqli before attempting to make a connection */
mysqli_report(MYSQLI_REPORT_ERROR | MYSQLI_REPORT_STRICT);
$mysqli = mysqli_connect('localhost', 'my_user', 'my_password', 'my_db');
/* Set the desired charset after establishing a connection */
mysqli_set_charset($mysqli, 'utf8mb4');
printf("Success... %s\n", mysqli_get_host_info($mysqli));以上示例的输出类似于：
Success... localhost via TCP/IP
示例 #2 Extending mysqli class
<?php
class FooMysqli extends mysqli {
public function __construct($host, $user, $pass, $db, $port, $socket, $charset) {
mysqli_report(MYSQLI_REPORT_ERROR | MYSQLI_REPORT_STRICT);
parent::__construct($host, $user, $pass, $db, $port, $socket);
$this->set_charset($charset);
}
}
$db = new FooMysqli('localhost', 'my_user', 'my_password', 'my_db', 3306, null, 'utf8mb4');示例 #3 Manual error handling
If error reporting is disabled, the developer is responsible for checking and handling failures
面向对象风格
<?php
error_reporting(0);
mysqli_report(MYSQLI_REPORT_OFF);
$mysqli = new mysqli('localhost', 'my_user', 'my_password', 'my_db');
if ($mysqli->connect_errno) {
throw new RuntimeException('mysqli connection error: ' . $mysqli->connect_error);
}
/* Set the desired charset after establishing a connection */
$mysqli->set_charset('utf8mb4');
if ($mysqli->errno) {
throw new RuntimeException('mysqli error: ' . $mysqli->error);
}过程化风格
<?php
error_reporting(0);
mysqli_report(MYSQLI_REPORT_OFF);
$mysqli = mysqli_connect('localhost', 'my_user', 'my_password', 'my_db');
if (mysqli_connect_errno()) {
throw new RuntimeException('mysqli connection error: ' . mysqli_connect_error());
}
/* Set the desired charset after establishing a connection */
mysqli_set_charset($mysqli, 'utf8mb4');
if (mysqli_errno($mysqli)) {
throw new RuntimeException('mysqli error: ' . mysqli_error($mysqli));
}注意:
MySQLnd 总是使用服务器的默认字符集。此字符集在连接握手／认证时发送，并被 mysqlnd 使用。
Libmysqlclient 使用 my.cnf 中的默认字符集或者由在调用 mysqli_init() 之后，mysqli_real_connect() 之前先调用 mysqli_options() 来指定。
注意:
面向对象风格 only: If the connection fails, an object is still returned. To check whether the connection failed, use either the mysqli_connect_error() function or the mysqli->connect_error property as in the preceding examples.
注意:
If it is necessary to set options, such as the connection timeout, mysqli_real_connect() must be used instead.
注意:
Calling the constructor with no parameters is the same as calling mysqli_init().
注意:
Error "Can't create TCP/IP socket (10106)" usually means that the variables_order configure directive doesn't contain character
E. On Windows, if the environment is not copied theSYSTEMROOTenvironment variable won't be available and PHP will have problems loading Winsock.
Note that on all >=Windows 7 Servers, a host name "localhost" will create a very expensive lookup (~1 Second).
That's because since Windows 7, the hosts file doesn't come with a preconfigured
127.0.0.1 localhost
anymore
So, if you notice a long connection creation, try "127.0.0.1" instead.Please do use set_charset("utf8") after establishing the connection if you want to avoid weird string issues. I do not know why the documentation does not warn you about this kind of stuff.
We had a hard time figuring out what was going on since we were using mb_detect_encoding and it said everything was UTF-8, but of course the display was wrong. If we used iconv from ISO-8859-1 to UTF-8 the strings looked fine, even though everything in the database had the right collation. So in the end, it was the connection that was the filter and although the notes for this function mention default charsets, it almost reads as a sidenote instead of a central issue when dealing with UTF and PHP/MySQL.There's a separate port parameter, unlike mysql_connect. However, using host:port on the host parameter does actually work.
There is a caveat. If the host is 'localhost' then the port is ignored, whether you use a port parameter or the implicit syntax I mentioned above. This is because 'localhost' will make it use unix sockets rather than TCP/IP.Just wanted to add a note for anyone looking to use the MySQLi persistent connections feature; it's important to note that PHP opens and retains one connection per database user per process.
What this means is that if you are hosting multiple applications, each with its own database user (as is good practice) then you will end up multiplying the number of connections that PHP may hold open.
For example, if you have PHP configured with a maximum of eight worker processes, and you regularly use four different database users, then your MySQL server will need to accept at LEAST a maximum of 32 connections, or else it will run out.
However, if you would like to minimise the number of connections, what you can do is instead is to open the connection using a "guest" user (with no privileges except logging in) and then use ->change_user() to switch to a more privileged user, before switching back to the guest when you're done. Since all of the connections would therefore belong to the guest user, PHP should only maintain one per worker process.If you want to connect via an alternate port (other than 3306), as you might when using an ssh tunnel to another host, using "localhost" as the hostname will not work.
Using 127.0.0.1 will work. Apparently, if you specify the host as "localhost", the constructor ignores the port specified as an argument to the constructor.