This is an easy way to trigger scripts by listening for POSTs. I simply point a service's webhook url to the script, which file_get_contents("php://input"), cast to an array, and then simplexml_load_string() to parse it and use one of the keys' data as the parameter for my script.
file_get_contents
(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5)
file_get_contents — Lê todo o conteúdo de um arquivo para uma string
Descrição
string file_get_contents
( string
$filename
[, int $flags
[, resource $context
[, int $offset
[, int $maxlen
]]]] )
Esta função é semelhante à file(), exceto que
file_get_contents() retorna o arquivo em uma
string, começando a partir de offset
até maxlen bytes. Em caso de falha,
file_get_contents() retornará FALSE.
file_get_contents() é o método preferível para ler o conteúdo de um arquivo em uma string. Ela usa técnicas de mapeamento de memória suportadas pelo seu SO para melhorar a performance.
Nota:
Se você estiver abrindo uma URI com caracteres especiais, como espaços, você precisa codificar a URI com urlencode().
Parâmetros
-
filename -
Nome do arquivo para ler.
-
flags -
Aviso
Para todas as versões anteriores ao PHP 6, este parâmetro é chamado
use_include_pathe é um bool. O parâmetroflagsestá disponível somente a partir do PHP 6. Se você estiver usando uma versão anterior e quiser buscar o arquivofilenameno include_path, este parâmetro deve serTRUE. A partir do PHP 6, você deve usar a flagFILE_USE_INCLUDE_PATH.O valor de
flagspode ser qualquer combinação das seguintes flags (com algumas restrições), unidas com o operador binário OR (|).Flags disponíveis Flag Descrição FILE_USE_INCLUDE_PATHProcura o arquivo filenamenos diretórios de include. Veja include_path para mais informações.FILE_TEXTSe a semântica unicode estiver habilitada, o encoding padrão dos dados lidos é UTF-8. Você pode especificar um encoding diferente criando um contexto personalizado ou alterando o encoding padrão utilizando stream_default_encoding(). Esta flag não pode ser usada com FILE_BINARY.FILE_BINARYCom esta flag, o arquivo é lido em modo binário. Esta é a opção padrão e não pode ser usada com FILE_TEXT. -
context -
Um recurso de contexto válido, criado com stream_context_create(). Se você não precisa usar um contexto personalizado, você pode ignorar este parâmetro passando
NULL. -
offset -
O ponto onde a leitura deve começar.
-
maxlen -
Comprimento máximo dos dados lidos.
Valor Retornado
A função retorna os dados lidos ou FALSE em caso de falha.
Changelog
| Versão | Descrição |
|---|---|
| 5.0.0 | Adicionado suporte a contexto. |
| 5.1.0 |
Adicionados os parâmetros offset e
maxlen.
|
| 6.0.0 |
O parâmetro use_include_path foi substituído
pelo parâmetro flags.
|
Notas
Nota: Esta função é binary-safe.
Dica
Você pode usar uma URL como um nome de arquivo nesta função se fopen wrappers estiver habilitado. Veja fopen() para mais detalhes em como especificar o nome do arquivo e Supported Protocols and Wrappers para uma lista de protocolos URL suportados.
Aviso
Quando usando SSL, o Microsoft IIS irá violar o protocolo fechando a conexão sem enviar uma notificação close_notify. O PHP acusará isso como sendo "SSL: Fatal Protocol Error" quando tentar ler os dados. Para prevenir isso, o valor de error_reporting deve ser reduzido para um nível que não inclui avisos. para o nível que não emita warnings. O PHP 4.3.7 e seguintes conseguem detectar servidores IIS defeituosos quando você abre um stream utilizando o wrapper https:// e suprimirá os avisos. Se você está usando fsockopen() para criar um socket ssl://, a responsabilidade de detectar e suprimir esse aviso passa para você.
Veja Também
- file() - Lê todo o arquivo para um array
- fgets() - Lê uma linha de um ponteiro de arquivo
- fread() - Leitura binary-safe de arquivo
- readfile() - Lê e exibe o conteúdo de um arquivo
- file_put_contents() - Escreve uma string para um arquivo
- stream_get_contents() - Reads remainder of a stream into a string
- stream_context_create() - Creates a stream context
add a note
User Contributed Notes 35 notes
werdnanoslen at gmail dot com ¶
1 year ago
volkan-k at users dot sourceforge dot net ¶
8 months ago
If you are using file_get_contents() function to retrieve HTTP url and printing HTTP content, you can also send original content-type header using $http_response_header and header() function;
<?php
foreach ($http_response_header as $value) {
if (preg_match('/^Content-Type:/i', $value)) {
// Successful match
header($value,false);
}
}
?>
francois hill ¶
6 years ago
Seems file looks for the file inside the current working (executing) directory before looking in the include path, even with the FILE_USE_INCLUDE_PATH flag specified.
Same behavior as include actually.
By the way I feel the doc is not entirely clear on the exact order of inclusion (see include). It seems to say the include_path is the first location to be searched, but I have come across at least one case where the directory containing the file including was actually the first to be searched.
Drat.
joachimb at gmail dot com ¶
5 years ago
Setting the timeout properly without messing with ini values:
<?php
$ctx = stream_context_create(array(
'http' => array(
'timeout' => 1
)
)
);
file_get_contents("http://example.com/", 0, $ctx);
?>
Yoga Wibowo Aji ¶
2 years ago
read text per line and convert to array
for example, the input file is input.txt
the input file containt text below
one
two
three
four
five
++++++++++++++++++++++++++
read value per line
<?php
$data = file_get_contents("input.txt"); //read the file
$convert = explode("\n", $data); //create array separate by new line
for ($i=0;$i<count($convert);$i++)
{
echo $convert[$i].', '; //write value by index
}
?>
++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Output :
one, two, three, four, five,
bearachute at gmail dot com ¶
6 years ago
If you're having problems with binary and hex data:
I had a problem when trying to read information from a ttf, which is primarily hex data. A binary-safe file read automatically replaces byte values with their corresponding ASCII characters, so I thought that I could use the binary string when I needed readable ASCII strings, and bin2hex() when I needed hex strings.
However, this became a problem when I tried to pass those ASCII strings into other functions (namely gd functions). var_dump showed that a 5-character string contained 10 characters, but they weren't visible. A binary-to-"normal" string conversion function didn't seem to exist and I didn't want to have to convert every single character in hex using chr().
I used unpack with "c*" as the format flag to see what was going on, and found that every other character was null data (ordinal 0). To solve it, I just did
str_replace(chr(0), "", $string);
which did the trick.
This took forever to figure out so I hope this helps people reading from hex data!
eric at midkotasolutions dot com ¶
2 years ago
At least as of PHP 5.3, file_get_contents no longer uses memory mapping.
See comments on this bug report:
http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=52802
Bart Friederichs ¶
1 year ago
file_get_contents can do a POST, create a context for that first:
$opts = array('http' =>
array(
'method' => 'POST',
'header' => "Content-Type: text/xml\r\n".
"Authorization: Basic ".base64_encode("$https_user:$https_password")."\r\n",
'content' => $body,
'timeout' => 60
)
);
$context = stream_context_create($opts);
$url = 'https://'.$https_server;
$result = file_get_contents($url, false, $context, -1, 40000);
godwraith01 at yahoo dot com ¶
2 years ago
I experienced a problem in using hostnames instead straight IP with some server destinations.
If i use file_get_contents("www.jbossServer.example/app1",...)
i will get an 'Invalid hostname' from the server i'm calling.
This is because file_get_contents probably will rewrite your request after getting the IP, obtaining the same thing as :
file_get_contents("xxx.yyy.www.zzz/app1",...)
And you know that many servers will deny you access if you go through IP addressing in the request.
With cURL this problem doesn't exists. It resolves the hostname leaving the request as you set it, so the server is not rude in response.
colnector bla-at_bla colnect.com ¶
5 years ago
A UTF-8 issue I've encountered is that of reading a URL with a non-UTF-8 encoding that is later displayed improperly since file_get_contents() related to it as UTF-8. This small function should show you how to address this issue:
<?php
function file_get_contents_utf8($fn) {
$content = file_get_contents($fn);
return mb_convert_encoding($content, 'UTF-8',
mb_detect_encoding($content, 'UTF-8, ISO-8859-1', true));
}
?>
slymak at gmail dot com ¶
3 years ago
If working file is bigger than 64kb and you getting deadlock. Your buffer is overflow. Here are two way how to avoid that.
1) use temporary file for descriptor
<?php
$descriptorspec = array(
0 => array("file", "/tmp/ens/a.ens","r"), // stdin is a pipe that the child will read from
1 => array("file", "/tmp/ens/a.html","w"), // stdout is a pipe that the child will write to
2 => array("file", "/tmp/ens/error-output.txt", "a") // stderr is a file to write to
);
?>
2) inline read using stream_set_blocking. PHP doesn't proper handle last part of file.
<?php
$READ_LEN = 64*1024;
$MAX_BUF_LEN = 2*$READ_LEN;
$url = "http://some.domain.com:5984/".$db."/".$member."/contents";
$src = fopen($url,"r");
$cwd = '/tmp';
$cmd['enscript'] = "/usr/bin/enscript";
$cmd['enscript-options'] = " -q --language=html --color -Ejcl -o -";
$descriptorspec = array(
0 => array("pipe", "r"), // stdin is a pipe that the child will read from
1 => array("pipe", "w") // stdout is a pipe that the child will write to
);
$ph=proc_open($cmd['enscript']." ".$cmd['enscript-options'],$descriptorspec,$pipes,$cwd);
stream_set_blocking($src,0);
stream_set_blocking($pipes[0],0);
stream_set_blocking($pipes[1],0);
$CMD_OUT_OPEN = TRUE; $k = 0;
while (!feof($pipes[1]) || !feof($src) || $k > 0) {
if (!feof($src) && $k+$READ_LEN <= $MAX_BUF_LEN) {
$input .= fread($src,$READ_LEN);
$k = strlen($input);
}
if ($k > 0) {
$l = fwrite($pipes[0],$input);
$k -= $l;
$input = substr($input,$l);
}
if ($CMD_OUT_OPEN && $k == 0 && feof($src)) {
fclose($pipes[0]);
$CMD_OUT_OPEN = FALSE;
}
$output = fread($pipes[1],$READ_LEN);
$outputn = str_replace("<H1>(stdin)</H1>","",$output);
echo $outputn;
}
fclose($pipes[1]);
$return_value = proc_close($ph);
?>
aidan at php dot net ¶
8 years ago
This functionality is now implemented in the PEAR package PHP_Compat.
More information about using this function without upgrading your version of PHP can be found on the below link:
http://pear.php.net/package/PHP_Compat
fibrefox at dynamicfiles dot de ¶
2 years ago
If you want to insert tracking-scripts into your shopping-system, some scripts doesn't support intelligent detection of HTTPS, so i made a script i put on the server that rewrites 'http' to 'https' in the script, assuming everything has to be UTF-8 encoded (as a fallback it makes a redirect).
It is important that the HTTPS-source DOES exist!
<?php
function file_get_contents_utf8($fn) {
$opts = array(
'http' => array(
'method'=>"GET",
'header'=>"Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8"
)
);
$context = stream_context_create($opts);
$result = @file_get_contents($fn,false,$context);
return $result;
}
header("Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8");
$tPath = "URL YOU WANT TO MODIFY";
$result = file_get_contents_utf8("http://".$tPath);
if( $result == false){
header("Location: https://".$tPath); // fallback
exit();
}
else{
echo mb_ereg_replace("http","https",$result);
}
?>
siegfri3d at gmail dot com ¶
7 years ago
Use the previous example if you want to request the server for a special part of the content, IF and only if the server accepts the method.
If you want a simple example to ask the server for all the content, but only save a portion of it, do it this way:
<?php
$content=file_get_contents("http://www.google.com",FALSE,NULL,0,20);
echo $content;
?>
This will echo the 20 first bytes of the google.com source code.
Anonymous ¶
3 years ago
The offset is 0 based. Setting it to 1 will skip the first character of the stream.
rutger at webjin dot nl ¶
3 years ago
Sometimes you might get an error opening an http URL.
even though you have set "allow_url_fopen = On" in php.ini
For me the the solution was to also set "user_agent" to something.
Greg Ambrose (greg at catalina-it dot com dot au) ¶
6 years ago
[Editors note: As of PHP 5.2.1 you can specify `timeout` context option and pass the context to file_get_contents()]
The only way I could get get_file_contents() to wait for a very slow http request was to set the socket timeout as follows.
ini_set('default_socket_timeout', 120);
$a = file_get_contents("http://abcxyz.com");
Other times like execution time and input time had no effect.
KrisWebDev ¶
3 years ago
If your file_get_contents freezes during several seconds, here is maybe your answer:
Beware that the default keepalive timeout of Apache 2.0 httpd is 15 seconds. This is true for HTTP/1.1 connections, which is not the default behavior of file_get_contents but you can force it, especially if you are trying to act as a web browser. I don't know if this is also the case for HTTP/1.0 connections.
Forcing the server to close the connection would make you gain those 15 seconds in your script:
<?php
$context = stream_context_create(array('http' => array('header'=>'Connection: close')));
$content = file_get_contents("http://www.example.com/test.html");
?>
Another way of resolving slowness issues is to use cURL or fsockopen. Bear in mind that contrary to the behavior of web browsers, file_get_contents doesn't return the result when the web page is fully downloaded (i.e. HTTP payload length = value of the response HTTP "Content-Length" header) but when the TCP connection is closed.
I hope this behavior will change in future releases of PHP.
This has been experienced with PHP 5.3.3.
andrew at 21cv dot co dot uk ¶
1 year ago
Negative offsets don't work as you might expect (like in http://php.net/substr for example)
So
<?php echo file_get_contents(__FILE__, false, null, -10) ?>
does the same as
<?php echo file_get_contents(__FILE__, false, null, 0) ?>
To get the last 10 characters of a file, you need to use
<?php echo file_get_contents (__FILE__, false, null, (filesize (__FILE__) - 10)) ?>
ken at wetken dot net ¶
4 years ago
On Centos 5, and maybe other Red Hat based systems, any attempt to use file_get_contents to access a URL on an http port other than 80 (e.g. "http://www.example.com:8040/page") may fail with a permissions violation (error 13) unless the box you are running php on has its seLinux set to 'permissive' not 'enforcing' . Otherwise the request doesn't even get out of the box, i.e. the permissions violation is generated locally by seLinux.
richard dot quadling at bandvulc dot co dot uk ¶
8 years ago
If, like me, you are on a Microsoft network with ISA server and require NTLM authentication, certain applications will not get out of the network. SETI@Home Classic and PHP are just 2 of them.
The workaround is fairly simple.
First you need to use an NTLM Authentication Proxy Server. There is one written in Python and is available from http://apserver.sourceforge.net/. You will need Python from http://www.python.org/.
Both sites include excellent documentation.
Python works a bit like PHP. Human readable code is handled without having to produce a compiled version. You DO have the opportunity of compiling the code (from a .py file to a .pyc file).
Once compiled, I installed this as a service (instsrv and srvany - parts of the Windows Resource Kit), so when the server is turned on (not logged in), the Python based NTLM Authentication Proxy Server is running.
Then, and here is the bit I'm really interested in, you need to tell PHP you intend to route http/ftp requests through the NTLM APS.
To do this, you use contexts.
Here is an example.
<?php
// Define a context for HTTP.
$aContext = array(
'http' => array(
'proxy' => 'tcp://127.0.0.1:8080', // This needs to be the server and the port of the NTLM Authentication Proxy Server.
'request_fulluri' => True,
),
);
$cxContext = stream_context_create($aContext);
// Now all file stream functions can use this context.
$sFile = file_get_contents("http://www.php.net", False, $cxContext);
echo $sFile;
?>
Hopefully this helps SOMEONE!!!
pperegrina ¶
1 year ago
For those having this problem when trying to get_file_contents(url):
Warning: file_get_contents(url): failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! in xx on line yy
If you are behind a SonicWall firewall, read this:
https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=40197
(this little line: uncheck a box in the internal settings of the firewall labled "Enforce Host Tag Search with for CFS")
Apparently by default SonicWall blocks any HTTP request without a "Host:" header, which is the case in the PHP get_file_contents(url) implementation.
This is why, if you try to get the same URL from the same machine with cURL our wget, it works.
I hope this will be useful to someone, it took me hours to find out :)
3n1gm4 [at] gmail [dot] com ¶
5 years ago
This is a nice and simple substitute to get_file_contents() using curl, it returns FALSE if $contents is empty.
<?php
function curl_get_file_contents($URL)
{
$c = curl_init();
curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($c, CURLOPT_URL, $URL);
$contents = curl_exec($c);
curl_close($c);
if ($contents) return $contents;
else return FALSE;
}
?>
Hope this help, if there is something wrong or something you don't understand let me know :)
php [spat] hm2k.org ¶
5 years ago
I decided to make a similar function to this, called file_post_contents, it uses POST instead of GET to call, kinda handy...
<?php
function file_post_contents($url,$headers=false) {
$url = parse_url($url);
if (!isset($url['port'])) {
if ($url['scheme'] == 'http') { $url['port']=80; }
elseif ($url['scheme'] == 'https') { $url['port']=443; }
}
$url['query']=isset($url['query'])?$url['query']:'';
$url['protocol']=$url['scheme'].'://';
$eol="\r\n";
$headers = "POST ".$url['protocol'].$url['host'].$url['path']." HTTP/1.0".$eol.
"Host: ".$url['host'].$eol.
"Referer: ".$url['protocol'].$url['host'].$url['path'].$eol.
"Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded".$eol.
"Content-Length: ".strlen($url['query']).$eol.
$eol.$url['query'];
$fp = fsockopen($url['host'], $url['port'], $errno, $errstr, 30);
if($fp) {
fputs($fp, $headers);
$result = '';
while(!feof($fp)) { $result .= fgets($fp, 128); }
fclose($fp);
if (!$headers) {
//removes headers
$pattern="/^.*\r\n\r\n/s";
$result=preg_replace($pattern,'',$result);
}
return $result;
}
}
?>
vlad dot wing at gmail dot com ¶
3 years ago
If you want to check if the function returned error, in case of a HTTP request an, it's not sufficient to test it against false. It may happen the return for that HTTP request was empty. In this case it's better to check if the return value is a bool.
<?php
$result=file_get_contents("http://www.example.com");
if ($result === false)
{
// treat error
} else {
// handle good case
}
?>
[EDIT BY thiago: Has enhacements from an anonymous user]
andre-s at home dot nl ¶
2 years ago
If you are getting a failed to open stream message on your windows machine check your hosts file.
127.0.0.1 localhost
must be in it and the IP6 line must be commented
# ::1 localhost
tobsn at php dot net ¶
6 years ago
you'll find the http response headers in: $http_response_header
;o)
dustin at dumontproject dot com-spam sux ¶
1 year ago
For those who use file_get_contents for JSON or other RESTful services - like my architecture did for a big site - this will probably help a lot.
We struggled with having the site using get urls that would go through our load balancer instead of hitting the local server.
What we did was load this function through a local url and set the Host: header for our virtualhost entries on the site we wanted to laod.
This code solved our issue:
<?php
//set the header context stream for virtualhost lookup
$context = stream_context_create(array('http' => array('header' => 'Host: www.VIRTUALHOSTDOMAIN.com')));
//use a localhost url or alternatively 127.0.0.1 ip
$url = 'http://localhost/rest-service/?get-user&id=######';
//fetch the data through webserver using the Host http header we set
$data = json_decode(file_get_contents($url, 0, $context));
//verify you have your data
var_dump($data);
?>
fcicqbbs at gmail dot com ¶
7 years ago
the bug #36857 was fixed.
http://bugs.php.net/36857
Now you may use this code,to fetch the partial content like this:
<?php
$context=array('http' => array ('header'=> 'Range: bytes=1024-', ),);
$xcontext = stream_context_create($context);
$str=file_get_contents("http://www.fcicq.net/wp/",FALSE,$xcontext);
?>
that's all.
contact at webapp dot fr ¶
2 years ago
When using a URI with a login / password (HTTP or FTP, for an example), you may need to urlencode the password if it contains special characters.
Do not urlencode the whole URI, just the password.
Don't do :
urlencode('ftp://login:mdp%?special@host/dir/file')
Do :
'ftp://login:' . urlencode('mdp%?special') . '@host/dir/file';
Might seem obvious, but is worth noting.
Stas Trefilov, OpteamIS ¶
2 years ago
here is another (maybe the easiest) way of doing POST http requests from php using its built-in capabilities. feel free to add the headers you need (notably the Host: header) to further customize the request.
note: this method does not allow file uploads. if you want to upload a file with your request you will need to modify the context parameters to provide multipart/form-data encoding (check out http://www.php.net/manual/en/context.http.php ) and build the $data_url following the guidelines on http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/interact/forms.html#h-17.13.4.2
<?php
/**
make an http POST request and return the response content and headers
@param string $url url of the requested script
@param array $data hash array of request variables
@return returns a hash array with response content and headers in the following form:
array ('content'=>'<html></html>'
, 'headers'=>array ('HTTP/1.1 200 OK', 'Connection: close', ...)
)
*/
function http_post ($url, $data)
{
$data_url = http_build_query ($data);
$data_len = strlen ($data_url);
return array ('content'=>file_get_contents ($url, false, stream_context_create (array ('http'=>array ('method'=>'POST'
, 'header'=>"Connection: close\r\nContent-Length: $data_len\r\n"
, 'content'=>$data_url
))))
, 'headers'=>$http_response_header
);
}
?>
EOD ¶
5 years ago
if $filename has a relative path file_get_contents returns the uninterpreted sourcecode of the php-file with all comments etc.
I don't know whether this is a bug or intented or caused by server-configuration.
I think this behaviour should be included in the description of the function.
corey at effim dot com ¶
4 years ago
In my dev environment with a relatively low-speed drive (standard SATA 7200RPM) reading a 25MB zip file in 10 times...
<?php
$data = `cat /tmp/test.zip`;
// 1.05 seconds
$fh = fopen('/tmp/test.zip', 'r');
$data = fread($fh, filesize('/tmp/test.zip'));
fclose($fh);
// 1.31 seconds
$data = file_get_contents('/tmp/test.zip');
// 1.33 seconds
?>
However, on a 21k text file running 100 iterations...
<?php
$data = `cat /tmp/test.txt`;
// 1.98 seconds
$fh = fopen('/tmp/test.txt', 'r');
$data = fread($fh, filesize('/tmp/test.txt'));
fclose($fh);
// 0.00082 seconds
$data = file_get_contents('/tmp/test.txt');
// 0.0069 seconds
?>
Despite the comment about file_get_contents being faster do to memory mapping, file_get_contents is slowest in both of the above examples. If you need the best performance out of your production box, you might want to throw together a script to check out which method is fastest for what size files on that particular machine, then optimize your code to check the file size and use the appropriate function for it.
leomac at inbox dot ru ¶
1 year ago
Reading all script input is simple task with file_get_contents, but it depends on what SAPI is being used.
Only in Apache, not in CLI:
<?php
$input = file_get_contents("php://input");
?>
Only in CLI, not in Apache:
<?php
$input = file_get_contents("php://stdin");
?>
In Apache php://stdin will be empty, in CLI php://input will be empyt instead with no error indication.
rnd ¶
1 year ago
Function to get enum values for table field.
<?php
function enumValues($filename) {
$fGetContents = file_get_contents($filename);
$e = explode("\n", $fGetContents);
for ($i = 0; $i < count($e); $i++) {
$arr[] = $e[$i] ."','";
}
$str = implode('', $arr);
$var = "'" . $str;
$var = substr($var, 0, -2);
return $var;
}
?>
Insert into file like this
Value1
Value2
Value3