mb_encode_mimeheader

(PHP 4 >= 4.0.6, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

mb_encode_mimeheader — Encode une chaîne pour un en-tête MIME

Description

mb_encode_mimeheader(
    string $string,
    ?string $charset = null,
    ?string $transfer_encoding = null,
    string $newline = "\r\n",
    int $indent = 0
): string

Encode une chaîne de caractères string donnée en un en-tête MIME.

Liste de paramètres

string: La chaîne de caractères à encoder. Son encodage devrait être identique à mb_internal_encoding().
charset: charset est le nom de l'encodage utilisé par la chaîne string. La valeur par défaut est déterminée par les paramètres courants du NLS (mbstring.language).
transfer_encoding: transfer_encoding est l'encodage de transfert. Il peut être "B" (Base64) ou "Q" (Quoted-Printable). Par défaut, c'est "B".
newline: newline spécifie les fins de lignes (EOF : end-of-line) utilisées par mb_encode_mimeheader() pour formater la chaîne (une » RFC définie la longueur d'une chaîne à partir de laquelle on doit ajouter une fin de ligne. La longueur courante est 74 caractères). La valeur par défaut est "\r\n" (CRLF).
indent: Indentation de la première ligne (nombre de caractères dans l'en-tête avant string).

Valeurs de retour

Une version convertie de la chaîne de caractères en ASCII.

Historique

Version	Description
8.3.0	Les octets `NUL` (0) ne sont plus supprimés lors de l'encodage en Quoted-Printable, mais encodés en `=00`.
8.0.0	`charset` et `transfer_encoding` sont désormais nullable.

Exemples

Exemple #1 Exemple avec mb_encode_mimeheader()

<?php
$name = "太郎"; // kanji
$mbox = "kru";
$doma = "gtinn.mon";
$addr = '"' . addcslashes(mb_encode_mimeheader($name, "UTF-7", "Q"), '"') . '" <' . $mbox . "@" . $doma . ">";
echo $addr;
?>

L'exemple ci-dessus va afficher :

"=?UTF-7?Q?+WSqQzg-?=" <kru@gtinn.mon>

Notes

Note:
Cette fonction n'est pas conçue pour couper les lignes en milieu de mots. Ce comportement peut ajouter des espaces non désirées dans un mot de la chaîne originale.

Voir aussi

mb_decode_mimeheader() - Décode un en-tête MIME

Improve This Page

Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug

＋add a note

User Contributed Notes 10 notes

down

stormflyCUT at hyh dot pl ¶

18 years ago

Some solution for using national chars and have problem with UTF-8 for example in mail subject. Before you use mb_encode_mimeheader with UTF-8 set mb_internal_encoding('UTF-8').

down

nigrez at nius dot waw dot pl ¶

18 years ago

True, function is broken (PHP5.1, encoding from UTF-8 with pl_PL charset). Below is about 15% faster version of proposed _mb_mime_encode. Also it has header more like othe mb_* functions and doesn't trigger any errors/warnings/notices.

<?php

function mb_mime_header($string, $encoding=null, $linefeed="\r\n") {
  if(!$encoding) $encoding = mb_internal_encoding();
  $encoded = '';

  while($length = mb_strlen($string)) {
    $encoded .= "=?$encoding?B?"
             . base64_encode(mb_substr($string,0,24,$encoding))
             . "?=$linefeed";

    $string = mb_substr($string,24,$length,$encoding);
  }

  return $encoded;
}

?>

down

gullevek at gullevek dot org ¶

21 years ago

Read this FIRST: http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=23192 because mb_encode_mimeheaders is BUGGY!

a work around for the multibyte broken error for too long subjects for ISO-2022-JP:

$pos=0;
$split=36; // after 36 single bytes characters, if then comes MB, it is broken
while ($pos<mb_strlen($string,$encoding))
{
  $output=mb_strimwidth($string,$pos,$split,"",$encoding);
  $pos+=mb_strlen($output,$encoding);
  $_string.=(($_string)?' ':'').mb_encode_mimeheader($output,$encoding);
}
$string=$_string;

is not the best, but it works

down

Anonymous ¶

15 years ago

I could not find a PHP function to MIME encode the name for a n email address.



Input   = "Karl Müller<kmueller@gmx.de>"

Output = "Karl%20M%FCller<kmueller@gmx.de>"



I wrote it on my own:



<?php

// required to encode names in email addresses    

// replace " " with "%20"

// replace "ü" with "%FC" 

// replace "%" with "%25"      etc....

// Use "%" as Delimiter for MIME

// Use "=" as Delimiter for Quoted Printable

// Input string must be UTF8 encoded

public static function EncodeMime($Text, $Delimiter)

{

    $Text = utf8_decode($Text);

    $Len  = strlen($Text);

    $Out  = "";

    for ($i=0; $i<$Len; $i++)

    {

        $Chr = substr($Text, $i, 1);

        $Asc = ord($Chr);



        if ($Asc > 0x255) // Unicode not allowed

        {

            $Out .= "?";

        }

        else if ($Chr == " " || $Chr == $Delimiter || $Asc > 127) 

        {

            $Out .= $Delimiter . strtoupper(bin2hex($Chr));

        }

        else $Out .= $Chr;

    }

    return $Out;

}

?>

down

tokul at users dot sourceforge dot net ¶

16 years ago

mb_encode_mimeheader() depends on correct mbstring.internal_encoding setting. It tries to convert $str from internal encoding to $charset. If you ignore mbstring internal encoding, function might encode strings incorrectly even when $str character set matches $charset

down

gullevek at gullevek dot org ¶

19 years ago

My first post was around 2003, and still the mb_mime_header is broken. It is *NOT* usable with longer subjects, and mostly unusable with anything else than japanese.

iwakura at junx dot org is also not working for me, it produces also some gargabe.

I updated my old function (the one I posted 2003) and I tested it with overlong subjects in UTF-8, ISO-2022-JP (japanese), GB2312 (simplified chinese) and EUC-KR (korean) and I got readable results in thunderbird, mail.app, outlook, etc.

<?php

function _mb_mime_encode($string, $encoding)
{
    $pos = 0;
    // after 36 single bytes characters if then comes MB, it is broken
    // but I trimmed it down to 24, to stay 100% < 76 chars per line
    $split = 24;
    while ($pos < mb_strlen($string, $encoding))
    {
        $output = mb_strimwidth($string, $pos, $split, "", $encoding);
        $pos += mb_strlen($output, $encoding);
        $_string_encoded = "=?".$encoding."?B?".base64_encode($output)."?=";
        if ($_string)
            $_string .= "\r\n";
        $_string .= $_string_encoded;
    }
    $string = $_string;
    return $string;
}

?>

down

paravoid ¶

18 years ago

If mb_ version doesn't work for you in MIME-B mode:

function encode_mimeheader($string, $charset=null, $linefeed="\r\n") {
    if (!$charset)
        $charset = mb_internal_encoding();

    $start = "=?$charset?B?";
    $end = "?=";
    $encoded = '';

    /* Each line must have length <= 75, including $start and $end */
    $length = 75 - strlen($start) - strlen($end);
    /* Average multi-byte ratio */
    $ratio = mb_strlen($string, $charset) / strlen($string);
    /* Base64 has a 4:3 ratio */
    $magic = $avglength = floor(3 * $length * $ratio / 4);

    for ($i=0; $i <= mb_strlen($string, $charset); $i+=$magic) {
        $magic = $avglength;
        $offset = 0;
        /* Recalculate magic for each line to be 100% sure */
        do {
            $magic -= $offset;
            $chunk = mb_substr($string, $i, $magic, $charset);
            $chunk = base64_encode($chunk);
            $offset++;
        } while (strlen($chunk) > $length);
        if ($chunk)
            $encoded .= ' '.$start.$chunk.$end.$linefeed;
    }
    /* Chomp the first space and the last linefeed */
    $encoded = substr($encoded, 1, -strlen($linefeed));

    return $encoded;
}

down

chappy at citromail dot hu ¶

19 years ago

In countries where there's non-us ASCII, it's a very good example, for sending mail:

mb_internal_encoding('iso-8859-2');
setlocale(LC_CTYPE, 'hu_HU');

function encode($str,$charset){
    $str=mb_encode_mimeheader(trim($str),$charset, 'Q', "\n\t");
    return $str;
}

print encode('the text with spec. chars: &#337; &#368; &#336; &#369;, ?','iso-8859-2');

It creates a 7bit string

down

-1

iwakura at junx dot org ¶

19 years ago

i think mb_encode_mimeheader still have bug. here is sample code:

function mb_encode_mimeheader2($string, $encoding = "ISO-2022-JP") {
    $string_array = array();
    $pos = 0;
    $row = 0;
    $mode = 0;
    
    while ($pos < mb_strlen($string)) {
        $word = mb_strimwidth($string, $pos, 1);
        if (!$word) {
            $word = mb_strimwidth($string, $pos, 2);
        }
        if (mb_ereg_match("[ -~]", $word)) {    // ascii
            if ($mode != 1) {
                $row++;
                $mode = 1;
                $string_array[$row] = NULL;
            }
        } else {                                // multibyte
            if ($mode != 2) {
                $row++;
                $mode = 2;
                $string_array[$row] = NULL;
            }
        }
        $string_array[$row] .= $word;
        $pos++;
    }
    
    //echo "<pre>";
    //print_r($string_array);
    //echo "</pre>";
    
    foreach ($string_array as $key => $value) {
        $value = mb_convert_encoding($value, $encoding);
        $string_array[$key] = mb_encode_mimeheader($value, $encoding);
    }
    
    //echo "<pre>";
    //print_r($string_array);
    //echo "</pre>";
    
    return implode("", $string_array);
}

is not the best, but it works

down

-3

mortoray at ecircle-ag dot com ¶

19 years ago

At least for Q encoding, this function is unsafe and does not encode correctly. Raw characters which appear as RFC2047 sequences are simply left as is.

Ex:

mb_encode_mimeheader( '=?iso-8859-1?q?this=20is=20some=20text?=' );

returns '=?iso-8859-1?q?this=20is=20some=20text?='

The exact same string, which is obviously not the encoding for the source string.  That is, mb_encode_mimeheader does not do any type of escaping.

That is, the following condition is not always true:
    mb_decode_mimeheader( mb_encode_mimeheader( $text ) ) == $text

＋add a note